句子变复杂看不懂的原因

问题

1.句子定义

2.简单句5基本结构
3.复合句类型
4.特殊句式类型
1）词汇障碍

2）语法干扰

对策

已经解决过：
1）定语从句
2）同位语从句

3）状语从句

即将解决：

1）主语从句
2）宾语从句
3）表语从句

长难句阅读障碍消除之：主语从句
主语从句定义：主语从句的本质就是一个句子做主语。
1）定义

2）识别

3）处理

形式：

【句子】 + 谓语 + 宾语
例：However, (1. whether such a sense of fairness evolved independently in capuchins and humans), or (2. whether it stems from the common ancestor) (that the species had 35 million years ago), is as yet, an unanswered question.

但是，这种公平感是在卷尾猴和人类身上各自独立演化而成，还是来自三千五百万前他们共同的祖先，这还是一个悬而未决的问题

长难句阅读障碍消除之：主语从句
主语从句引导词：
That，whether, how, where, when, why, what, which, whoever, whatever.
1）定义
2）识别
3）处理

例：However, whether such a sense of fairness evolved independently in capuchins and humans, or whether it stems from the common ancestor that the species had 35 million years ago, is as yet, an unanswered question.但是，这种公平感是在卷尾猴和人类身上各自独立演化而成，还是来自三千五百万前他们共同的祖先，这还是一个悬而未决的问题

例：That I was admitted by Yale makes my parents excited.

长难句阅读障碍消除之：宾语语从句
定义：宾语语从句的本质就是一个句子做宾语。

1）定义

2）识别

3）处理

I like you.
I like what you said.

Peter died.
Peter died where he was born.

及物动词+宾语从句
不及物动词

When I was five years old, my mother always told me that, the happiness was a key to life. When I went to school, they asked what I wanted to be when I grew up. I wrote down "happy". They told me I didn't understand the assignment and I told them they didn't understand life.
——约翰·列侬

辨析双宾语
人（间接宾语）+物（直接宾语）

I am sorry that I tripped you in my twisted massed-up world. I just thought you might be the one who put me out of it.

Do you remember all those years when scientists argued that smoking would kill us but the doubters insisted that we didn't know for sure?

It's a theory to which many economists subscribe, but in practice it often leaves railroads in the position of determining which companies will flourish and which will fail.