Report: Corruption in Poor Countries Threatens Fight Against Poverty
穷国的贪污腐败行为危及除贫斗争

　 
A group monitoring corruption levels around the world says illegal practices in poor countries are threatening the fight against poverty. In its just released report, Transparency International says foreign aid must be more focused and more carefully monitored to ensure it goes where intended.

监督世界各地腐败程度的组织‘透明国际’说，在贫穷国家的非法行为正危及铲除贫穷的斗争。‘透明国际’在最近发表的报告中说，外援务必要更有针对性，并且应该在更谨慎仔细的监督下提供，以确保援助用在当用之处。

The Berlin-based Transparency International looked at indicators in 180 countries to measure perceptions of doing business or delivering aid there.

设在柏林的‘透明国际’对180个国家的相关指标进行审视，以衡量在该国开展商业或者进行援助的状态。

Sweden, Denmark and New Zealand ranked at the top - as least corrupt and most transparent. Somalia and Iraq were among those at the bottom.

瑞典、丹麦和新西兰名列前茅，它们是腐败最少又是最为透明的国家。索马里和伊拉克位于最差的国家中间。

Speaking with VOA from Berlin, Casey Kelso said the continuing conflict and rule by warlords in Somalia undermine any capacity at governance or development. "Everyone that tries to do any work there, any sort of assistance that goes in has to be monitored very carefully because there is a cut for everyone to pocket it instead of it going into the education, the health, the clean water that people need there," he said.

凯尔索在柏林接受美国之音采访时说，在索马里持续不断的冲突及军阀统治彻底破坏了一切管理或者发展能力。他说：“任何想在那里有所作为的人、任何给予索马里的援助，都必需经过严密的监督，因为那些援助并非直接给予教育、卫生或者民众所需的清洁水源，相反的是，每个人都会企图从中渔利、中饱私囊。”

Kelso says Iraq is also widely perceived as still very corrupt and a difficult place to do business, with lingering questions about where the money goes. "Where is the oil going, how many bribes must be paid, the lack of clarity and transparency in assigning contracts out for establishing [everything] from new schools to pipelines to electricity generation," he said.

凯尔索说，人们普遍认为伊拉克也仍然非常腐败，是个难以开展商业活动的地方，一个始终存在的问题是那些金钱都到哪里去了。他说：“那些石油都到什么地方去了？得付多少贿赂？所有指派合同的程序都不明不白、暧昧不清，其中包括建造新学校、铺设油管或者建设发电设施。”

The Transparency International report says while these conditions directly affect businesses and aid organizations, they also have a direct negative effect on the recipient countries. Corrupt countries are less attractive for foreign investors, which impacts growth and development and often hits the poorest of the poor hardest.

“透明国际”的报告说，这些情况不但直接影响商务和援助机构，而且也对接受国有直接的负面影响。腐败国家对外国投资商缺乏吸引力，这就会影响经济的成长与发展。并往往会给予最贫困的人们最为沉重的打击。

Kelso says foreign assistance should be more carefully targeted. "Foreign assistance that is being poured out from the developed world also needs to be assessed as to how much is actually making it to the poorest of the poor, who's diverting it and whether the elites in a country are actually stealing a lot of that money and diverting it," he said.

凯尔索说，外国援助应当更为审慎地针对目标。他说：“也必需对来自发达国家的外援进行评估，看这些外援实际上有多少是给予最为贫困的民众的，谁在挪用资金，某一国家的特权阶层是否在盗窃并且挪用大量的资金。”

Kelso says donors need to monitor aid money carefully and foreign businesses and investors should not turn a blind eye to corruption by agreeing to pay bribes.

凯尔索说，援助国必需对援助款项进行谨慎的监督，而外国企业和投资商不应当无视腐败现象而同意支付贿赂。

In this year's report the United States ranked among those in 18th place out of 180.

在今年的这份报告中，美国在180个国家中排名第十八位。