US Officials See Difficult Period in US-Russia Relations
美国国会就美俄关系前途展开听证
Lawmakers on the House and Senate foreign affairs committees closely questioned U.S. officials Tuesday about future relations with Russia in the wake of the war between Russia and Georgia. The United States is carefully reviewing how to help Georgia rebuild its military with a package of economic aid to Georgia already pledged.
星期二，美国国会参众两院外交委员会的议员仔细询问美国政府官员有关俄罗斯同格鲁吉亚之间发生战争后美国跟俄罗斯的关系。美国正在慎重考虑如何帮助格鲁吉亚重新组建军队，其经费来自美国保证向格鲁吉亚提供的经济援助。
Assistant Secretary of State Daniel Fried says it is in U.S. interests to help Georgia recover economically, stabilize and restore its sovereignty and territorial integrity, and address what he called "legitimate military needs".
美国助理国务卿弗里德说，帮助格鲁吉亚恢复经济、稳定、主权和领土完整符合美国的利益。他说，美国还应满足他所称的格鲁吉亚的“合理的军事需要”。
With a $1 billion economic aid package pledged by Washington, he said the United States is working with NATO and is sending a Defense Department team to Georgia to help determine what form appropriate military assistance would take.
美国政府提供了10亿美元经济援助，弗里德说，美国正在跟北约合作，并派遣了一个国防部小组前往格鲁吉亚，协助确定以何种方式提供适当的军事援助。
"We are going to make a careful assessment of Georgia's needs," Fried said. "We are going to think about what the appropriate response is to those needs, and we will be discussing that on a separate track."
弗里德说：“我们将仔细评估格鲁吉亚的需要，考虑如何对这些需要作出适当的反应。我们将通过不同渠道讨论这一问题。”
Fried and Undersecretary of Defense for Policy, Eric Edelman used strong language in characterizing the challenges ahead in U.S.-Russian relations.
弗里德和负责防务政策的美国国防部次长埃德尔曼在谈到未来美俄关系面临的挑战的时候使用了强硬的措辞。
Russia must be prevented from drawing a new line in Europe, said Fried, while Edelman asserted that Moscow's relations with Washington, and the world, have reached a crossroads, adding that Russia must decide how it wants to be seen by the world.
弗里德说，必须防止俄罗斯重新划定欧洲的国界。埃德尔曼则强调，莫斯科同华盛顿的关系，以及俄罗斯同世界的关系都处在一个十字路口，俄罗斯必须决定，它想让世界怎样看待它。
"The international community has resolutely rejected Russian aggression," Edelman said. "Russia's future actions, including those it takes in the coming weeks and months in Georgia, will continue to define how it is viewed in the world and how the world defines and moves forward with Russia. We hope that on sober reflection Russia will choose a different path, but our policy will respond appropriately to Russian actions."
埃德尔曼说：“国际社会坚决反对俄罗斯的侵略。俄罗斯今后在格鲁吉亚的行动，今后几个星期和几个月的行动，将继续对世界如何界定俄罗斯以及世界如何与俄罗斯交往产生影响。我们希望，俄罗斯经过清醒的思考，将选择一条不同的道路。我们的政策将对俄罗斯作出适当的反应。”
Democratic Representative Howard Berman, who heads the House Foreign Affairs Committee, asked these questions about a potential military aid package.
众议院外交委员会主席、民主党议员伯曼就可能的军事援助提出问题。
"Will it be basic replenishment of armaments damaged in the recent conflict? Will it allow Georgia the ability to participate in foreign missions such as Iraq, or will it provide the capacity for self-defense in case of future attacks? Given the asymmetrical nature of the Russian and Georgian forces, just what kind of arms could possibly give Tiblisi the ability to defend itself from future incursions," he asked.
他说：“我们的援助是不是补充格鲁吉亚在最近的冲突中损耗的武器？是否使格鲁吉亚有能力参加在伊拉克等国家的使命？还是使格鲁吉亚获得在未来的冲突中自卫的能力？考虑到俄罗斯和格鲁吉亚两国军队力量悬殊，格鲁吉亚需要多少武器才能保卫自己不受未来侵略？”
Senate Foreign Relations Committee Chairman, Democrat Carl Levin, says American officials must determine where U.S-Russia relations go in light of Russian military assertiveness in Georgia.
参议院外交委员会主席莱文说，鉴于俄罗斯在格鲁吉亚的军事强势，美国官员必须确定美俄关系朝哪个方向发展。
"What is the right balance to strike in terms between signaling to Russia that its claims of a sphere of influence which override the sovereignty of its neighbors are unacceptable, while keeping the door open to Russian integration into the broader international community, and working with Russia in areas where our strategic interests are aligned, such as preventing a nuclear Iran, or [in] counter-terrorism efforts," asked Senator Levin.
他说：“适当的平衡究竟在哪里？一方面，我们要俄罗斯知道，它对势力范围的要求侵犯了邻国的主权，这是无法接受的。另一方面，我们又要向俄罗斯保持大门开放，使俄罗斯能够融入更加广泛的国际社会。而且我们要在事关我们战略利益的领域同俄罗斯合作，比如防止伊朗核武化，以及打击恐怖主义。”
Republican Representative Ileana Ros-Lehtinen says Georgia's future and that of the entire region depends on how the United States and members of the European Union react in coming months.
共和党众议员罗斯.莱特宁说，格鲁吉亚的未来和整个地区的未来取决于美国和欧盟成员在 今后几个月如何行动。
"Will there be claims that parts of Ukraine rightfully belong in Russia? Will there be pressure on the Baltic states, where so many ethnic Russians live? Will northern Kazakhstan and its large population of ethnic Russians become an issue? Will Russian troops ever leave the independent country of Moldova which has sought their withdrawal for many years," she said.
她说：“俄罗斯是否会声称乌克兰的某些部分应该划归俄罗斯？波罗的海国家是否会面临压力？因为那里居住着许多俄罗斯族人。哈萨克斯坦北部人数众多的俄罗斯族人是否会成为一个问题？俄罗斯军队是否会离开独立国家摩尔多瓦？摩尔多瓦多年来一直在谋求俄罗斯撤军。”
But other members of congress pointed to Georgian actions in South Ossetia that played a role in provoking a strong Russian military response in Georgia.
但是也有国会议员指出，格鲁吉亚在南奥塞梯的行动刺激俄罗斯作出强烈的军事反应。
In the House of Representatives, Republican Dana Rohrabacher and Democrat Sheila Jackson Lee say the U.S. must preserve its ability to work with Russia.
在众议院，共和党议员罗拉巴克和民主党议员杰克逊.李说，美国必须维持同俄罗斯合作的能力。
We have been just pushing the Russians and pushing the Russians, making them into an enemy when they at first wanted to be friends," Rohrabacher said.
罗拉巴克说：“我们一直在向俄罗斯人施加压力，把他们变成敌人，其实开始的时候他们是希望成为朋友的。”
"Our friends in Russia are as important as our friends in Georgia," said Lee. "We must find a balance. We can sit here and accuse. Yes, I believe that Georgia was aggressive. At the same time, Russia is huge and growing. Let us find a way to create peace and opportunity."
杰克.李说：“我们在俄罗斯的朋友和我们在格鲁吉亚的朋友同样重要。我们必须找到平衡。我们可以坐在这里指责他们。是的，我认为格鲁吉亚是侵略者。同时，俄罗斯幅员辽阔，而且正在成长。让我们寻找创造和平与机遇的途径。”
Assistant Secretary Fried told lawmakers on Tuesday that while the United States does not seek a bad relationship with Russia "until Russia's leaders change their path the two countries may be in for a difficult period."
助理国务卿弗里德星期二对议员们说，虽然美国不希望搞坏同俄罗斯的关系，但是，“除非俄罗斯领导人改变做法，否则美俄两国可能会进入一个困难的时期”。
