2013年专四作文真题附范文:节约花钱

What Makes an Effective Learner There are some effective learners around us who are tend to achieve more in less time while some are spent more time learning and achieve less. Effective learning isn’t equal to aimless effort since effective learners will build a full set of learning method that suited for themselves. Moreover, effective learners are all over the map in terms of their personalities, attitudes,strengths and weaknesses. They ranged from diligent to dilatory, from patient to impetuous, from considerate to careless. What made them all effective is that they followed the same six practices: 1.They set an appropriate goal. 2.They arrange their study time reasonably. 3.They review what they have learned regularly. 4.They treat input and output equally. 5.They engage in knowledge transfer learning. 6.They give feedback to what they have learned. The first two practices give them the direction and schedule of learning.The next three help them convert unchanging knowledge into their own understanding.The last one ensured that they can find their deficiencies and make effort to cover their shortages. Set an Appropriate Goal The first practice is to ask what do I want and what needs to be done. Taking these two questions seriously is crucial for making a appropriate goal. And it’s crucial that the goal should be equal to or a little higher than their actual level otherwise a goal that lower or rather high will leave them no motivation to learn. The answer to these two questions almost always be compatible with effective learners’ pursuits and demands. Those who follow others at every step are prone to give up halfway as motivation is theirs scarcest. Setting an appropriate goal doesn’t guarantee that the learning will be effective, but violating these restraints is certain to make learning both wrong and ineffectual. Schedule Study Time Learning schedule can contain long term and short term, in which short term schedule can be one day, a week or a month and long term schedule can extend to several months, a semester or a year. Making a learning schedule will allocate their study time effectively and stimulate them to study according to that schedule. Setting priorities is of crucial importance for every effective learners which means they should distinguish the top-priority tasks and stick to them and other tasks are postponed no matter how important or appealing. Doing this can help them do concentrate on learning and learn effectively. Review What They Have Learned The leaning schedule needs to create a system for checking the results against their expectations. Effective learners usually build one or two such checks into their schedules. The first check comes halfway through the schedule’s time period and the second occurs at the end , before the next schedule is drawn up. In addition, they will review regularly to consolidate their learning outcomes. Through this way, they will have a solid foundation for the following learning and a good grasp for the previous knowledge. Output In exam-oriented education, both teachers and students value more input, such as theoretical knowledge learning, rather than output that contains speech output, practical skills etc.. While effective learners believe that output is as vital as input so that they become more competent in dealing with a variety of problems flexibly. Conversely, ignoring the importance of output will leave learners less competent in solving problems comparing to effective learners. Transfer Learning It is transfer learning of knowledge that help learners acquire a deeper understanding of knowledge and improve the mastery of knowledge. Moreover, learning transfer can help learners to draw inferences from one case to another, which is one of the most effective ways to improve learning efficiency. What’s more, students will have a correct understanding of knowledge through transfer learning , which is the basis for the correct grasp and use knowledge . Feedback Feedback is an critical part in effective learners’ learning process, ensuring they can find their deficiencies and make effort to cover their shortages, thereby improving their abilities. Effective learners differ widely in their personalities, strengths, weaknesses and attitudes. All they have in common is that they have clear goals and know what they want in deed. Effectiveness is a discipline. And, like every discipline, effectiveness can be learned and must be learned.