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Using the example from the lecture, explain what social loafing is, and how it affects people's behavior.
请用课上的例子解释社会性懈怠的概念，以及它是如何影响人们的行为的。
Now read the passage about social loafing.
请阅读这篇关于社会性懈怠的文章。
You have 45 seconds to read the passage. Begin reading now.
你有45秒的时间阅读文章。现在开始计时。
Listen to part of a lecture in a psychology class.
请听心理学课上的部分内容。
Now a study was done that illustrated this phenomenon.
有人做过的一项研究对这一现象进行了说明。
In the study people were given an ordinary task that everyone has probably done before.
在研究中，他们给了研究对象一个普通的任务，这个任务可能各位之前都做过。
They were simply asked to peel potatoes, and to peel as many potatoes as possible in a given amount of time.
他们只是让研究对象们削土豆而已，不过要在特定的时间内尽可能多削一些土豆。
Ok so, some people worked alone,
有些人选择了单独行动，
and they were told that the number of potatoes they each peeled would be recorded.
而且被告知会记录他们每个人分别削好的土豆数量。
Others peeled potatoes together, as part of a group,
另外一些人选择了以小组为单位一起削土豆，
and they were told that only the total number of potatoes peeled would be recorded.
他们则获知只会记录大家一起削好的土豆总量。
So it would be impossible to tell how many any one person had done.
这样的话，想看出来任何一个人分别削了多少土豆是不可能的。
Then researchers compared the results of the people who worked alone and those that worked together to see if there was any difference.
接着，研究人员将单独行动的人记录下的结果与互相合作的人记录下的结果进行了对比，看看是否有区别。
That is, they took the average score of the people working alone
也就是说，他们算出了单独行动那群人的平均成绩，
and compared it to the average score of the people working together in a group,
然后把它和以小组为单位行动的人的平均成绩做了对比，
and they did discover a difference!
结果确实发现了一个区别！
It turns out that people working as a group peeled significantly fewer potatoes than people who worked alone.
结果显示，以小组为单位行动的人削出的土豆比单独行动的人削出的要少得多。
