参考答案:
A. 明喻(Simile)
Far out in the ocean, where the water is as blue as the prettiest cornflower, and as clear as crystal.
在那遥远的海洋,那儿的海水蓝得像最美丽的矢车菊花瓣,清澈得犹如水晶一般。(安徒生《海的女儿》的第一句,好喜欢哦!)
B. 暗喻(Metaphor)
"But he is not a man-- he is a mushroom!"
"他简直不象是个人,他是个蘑菇。"(圣德克旭贝里《小王子》)
C. 拟人(Personification)
The white moon heard it, and she forgot the dawn, and lingered on in the sky. 明月听着歌声,竟然忘记了黎明,只顾在天空中徘徊。(王尔德《夜莺与玫瑰》,非常悲伤及讽刺的一部童话。)
D. 夸张(Exaggeration)
He thought two of his ribs might already have cracked from trying not to laugh.
他因为要憋住不笑已经憋到两根胁骨都快断掉了(J·K·罗琳《哈利波特与神秘的魔法石》)
E. 借代(Metonymy)
You can come in, but your filter-tipped little buddy has to stay outside!
你可以进来,不过你那个带过滤嘴的小伙伴得待外面。(《老友记》第一季第3集;终于想到一句不是童话故事里的了。“带过滤嘴的小伙伴”当然指代又犯烟瘾的钱德嘴上叼着的香烟咯。)