Technology trends may push Silicon Valley back to the future. Carver Mead, a pioneer in integrated circuits
and a professor of computer science at the California Institute of Technology, notes there are now workstations
that enable engineers to design, test and produce chips right on their desks, much the way an editor creates a
newsletter on a Macintosh. As the time and cost of making a chip drip to a few days and a few hundred dollars,
engineers may soon be free to let their imaginations soar without being penalized by expensive failures. Mead
predicts that inventors will be able to perfect powerful customized chips over a weekend at the
office—spawning a new generation of garage start-ups and giving the U.S. a jump on its foreign rivals in
getting new products to market fast. ‘We’ve got more garages with smart people,’ Mead observes. ‘We really
thrive on anarchy.’
And on Asians. Already, orientals and Asian Americans constitute the majority of the engineering staffs at
many Valley firms. And Chinese, Korean, Filipino and Indian engineers are graduating in droves from
California’s colleges. As the heads of next-generation start-ups, these Asian innovators can draw on customs
and languages to forge tighter links with crucial Pacific Rim market. For instance, Alex Au, a Stanford Ph.D.
from Hong Kong, has set up a Taiwan factory to challenge Japan’s near lock on the memory-chip market.
India-born N. Damodar Reddy’s tiny California company reopened an AT&T chip plant in Kansas City last
spring with financing from the state of Missouri. Before it becomes a retirement village, Silicon Valley may
prove a classroom for building a global business.