评论
打印
Alan did not define what he meant by this word, but the chess-playing paradigm, to which he constantly returned, would make it the faculty of working out how to achieve some goal, and the reference to IQ tests would indicate some measurable kind of performance of this skill.
图灵没有直接讨论"智能"这个词，他会用机器对弈的例子，来说明如何训练机器达到目标，或者用智商测试作为这种能力的一个可操作的测试标准。
Coming from Bletchley, this kind of 'intelligence' was of burning and obvious significance. Intelligence had won the war.
从布莱切利的经历来看，这种"智能"太重要了，他们正是依靠这一点，才赢得了那场战争。
They had solved countless chess problems, and had beaten the Germans at the game.
他们参与了无数次"智能"的对弈，并在其中战胜了德国人。
And more broadly, for his scientific generation, life had been a battle for 'intelligence', fought against stupid out-of-date schools, a stupid economic system, and stupid Blimps from 'a profession for fools' during the war—not to mention the Nazis, who had elevated stupidity into a religion.
更广泛地说，图灵这一代科学家，他们的人生就是一场"智能"的对弈，对手是愚蠢的教育体制、愚蠢的经济体制，更不用说纳粹了，他们简直把愚蠢发展成了一种信仰。
While many people might have reservations about the wisdom and beneficence of scientists, they were at last basking in the favour of government.
然而很多人可能会认为，科学家最终都是用智慧来取悦政府的。
The war had converted government to an interest in science.
战争使政府对科学产生了兴趣，
The scientists had emerged from the miserly corners in which they had done their despised 'stinks' before, and it seemed that their swords could be turned into ploughshares, or more precisely, that they would supply governments with scientific solutions to their problems.
科学家们得到了重视，走出了荒凉的小角落，而且他们似乎还能化剑为犁，给政府提供许多和平时期的好点子。
On one level Alan Turing belonged to this climate of opinion, and certainly rejected the idea that scientists, rather than generals and politicians, were to blame for the world's current imperfections.
在某种程度上，图灵就是这种想法，而且他坚定地认为，当今世界的缺陷是由军事家和政治家造成的，而不是科学家。
Mermagen from Sherborne days, now a master at Radley, another public school, wrote to Alan at this time for advice about the place of mathematics and science in the post-war world, and Alan replied:
当年舍尔伯尼的默麦根，此时写信给图灵，问他如何看待数学和科学在战后世界的方向，图灵回信说：
On the subject of careers for mathematicians I am strongly inclined to think that the effect of ACE, guided projectiles, etc, etc, will be towards a considerably greater demand for mathematicians from a certain level upwards.
关于数学的方向，我强烈地认为，考虑到ACE和制导武器等影响，某种程度上会增加对数学人员的需求。
For instance I am in need of a number who will be required to convert problems into a form which can be understood by the machine.
比如说，我需要大量的数学人员，把问题转化成机器能够理解的形式。
We obviously do not want people who can take no responsibility at all.
他们只需要具备责任心，
We just make the machine do the work which might have been given to them.
让机器按照我的要求工作，
At present of course this critical level is very low and I am sure you need not be afraid of encouraging boys that are keen and want to take up a mathematical career.
这个标准非常低，我想你可以放心地鼓励学生们从事数学事业。
The worst danger is probably an anti-scientific reaction (Scientists instead of goats at Bikini etc) but this is a digression.
最严重的危险就是那些反科学思潮（"用科学家去试验氢弹的威力，不要用山羊！"），当然这个有点离题了。
