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一.almost：adv.几乎, 差不多 adj.相近的
【语法用法】
almost no，almost nothing和almost never都指“几乎没有”，属美国英语，而英国人更习惯说scarcely/hardly any，scarcely/hardly anything和scarcely/hardly ever。不过两国人都不说almost not，因almost不可被not修饰，可以说nearly not；
almost与nearly意思相近，不过美国人习惯用almost。
有时，almost只是比nearly更近了那么“一点点”。
It's nearly ten o'clock. (= perhaps 9.45)
It's almost ten o'clock. (= perhaps 9.57)
当描述即将达到目标或者接近于某数据等时，人们更习惯于用almost去表达“接近，但不完全一样”的意思，使得陈述的内容没有那么精确，明确。
Jake is almost like a father to me.
通常nearly不用在否定词前，如never，nobody，nothing，any等，习惯与almost连用。
【词义辨析】
almost, nearly, about, approximately, around, roughly
这些副词均有“大约，差不多”之意。
almost指在程度上相差很小，差不多。
nearly与almost含义基本相同，侧重指数量、时间或空间上的接近。
about常可分almost和nearly换用，但about用于表示时间、数量的“大约”时，实际数量可能多也可能少。
approximately多用于书面语，指精确度接近某个标准以致误差可忽略不计。
around多用于非正式场合，常见于美国英语。
roughly指按粗略估计，常代替about。
【例句用法】
He slipped and almost fell.
他脚下一滑，险些跌倒。
Dinner's almost ready.
饭差不多准备好了。
He's almost six feet tall.
他差不多有六英尺高。
She fell and almost/nearly broke her neck.
她跌倒了，险些跌断了脖子。
It's a mistake they almost always make.
那是他们几乎总要犯的错误。
二.say：v.说, 讲, 比如说, 表明 n.发言权, 意见
【词义辨析】
say, speak, state, talk, tell, utter
这些动词均有“说、讲”之意。
say最普通常用词，指用语言表达思想，着重所说的内容。
speak侧重于说话动作的本身，着重说话的能力而不在内容，比如能说某种语言。
state较正式用词，通常指用明确的语言或文字着重地叙述事实，既强调内容又注重语气。
talk普通用词，侧重指与人交谈时的连续说话，可指单方面较长谈话，和speak一样，着重说活动作而不侧重内容。
tell指告诉或讲述。
utter着重说话的行为，常指声音的使用，突出用噪子发声。
【例句用法】
Just what is the artist trying to say in her work?
那艺术家在她的作品中究竟想表达什麽？
Don't interrupt her: let her have her say.
别打断她的话，让她把意见说出来。
She said nothing to me about it.
关于这一点，她什么也没有对我讲。
We are considering giving them greater say in such matters.
我们正考虑在这样的事情上给他们更多的发言权。
It's hard to say who it was.
很难说那是谁。
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