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We've known for more than a decade that the key to weight-loss is to consume fewer calories than you're burning--in other words, eat less, exercise more, or both. That dietary adage was confirmed last week by researchers from the Harvard School of Public Health, with a widely reported study in the New England Journal of Medicine.
有一个真理已经印在我们脑子里十多年了，那就是减肥的关键是吃进去的热量要比消耗掉的少才行，换句话说，要么少吃东西，要么多做运动，两者兼顾当然更好。上周哈佛大学公共健康专业的研究员们已经证实了这句饮食格言的有效性，并在《新英格兰医学期刊》上做了大幅报道。
In the study, researchers put 811 overweight adults on one of four weight loss plans, which were supposed to vary widely in fat, protein, and carbohydrate content. Most of the reporting discussed Atkins-style high protein diets as similar to the diet's high protein plan and Ornish-style low fat vegetarian diets as similar to the study's low fat plan. Since everyone who cut out 750 calories per day from their diets lost basically the same amount of weight, the take home message seemed to be that none of the popular diets are any better than any of the others.
在这项研究中，研究员们给811位超重的成年人制定了一个减掉四分之一体重的计划，这样一来，脂肪、蛋白质和碳水化合物的摄入量就都要较他们习惯的饮食做很大的改变。报道用了很大篇幅讨论两种饮食方式，一个是跟阿金博士食谱高蛋白质饮食法相似的高蛋白质摄入计划，另一个是跟欧宁胥节食法理念一致的低脂肪素食计划。因为每天从他们食谱中减少750卡路里热量的人也可以减少相同量的体重，因此，这项研究的结果表明这些著名的饮食法似乎并没有什么过人之处。
But upon closer analysis, a very different conclusion emerges.
但是随着研究深入，一种不同的声音若隐若现。
First, all the tested diets strived to be "heart healthy," which means that they limited saturated fat, limited cholesterol, and contained at least 20 daily grams of fiber (in the form of whole grains, fruits, and vegetables). Anyone with even a passing familiarity with Atkins-style diets knows that all three of these requirements are virtually impossible on such diets--so this study should not be read, in any way, as endorsing an Atkins (or similar high-meat) diet for weight loss.
首先，所有参加测试的人都要努力做到“心脏健康”，也就是他们要控制饱和脂肪酸，控制胆固醇，还要保证每天20克的膳食纤维的摄入（全谷物、水果和蔬菜中都有）。每个曾经试过阿金饮食法的人都知道这三个要求在阿金食谱中实际是不可能做到的，因此，要通过这个研究来证明阿金减肥法（吃肉疗法）对减肥有效着实是无稽之谈。
Second, although the caloric restriction worked for everyone who stuck with it--so it certainly is confirmation that caloric restriction is the way to lose weight--participants at two years were already consuming more than the allowed calories and gaining back weight. In fact, all four groups were on track to be right where they started by year three. In other words, for long term weight loss, all of the diets failed.
再次，尽管只要大家能坚持下来，控制摄入卡路里就能帮助你减轻体重（这也是证明控制卡路里就能减肥的理由），但是参与者在两年内消耗的卡路里在规定范围内，可是体重却又反弹了。实际上，所有四组参与者在第三年试验开始时全都恢复了最原始的体重。换句话说，每种减肥法对长期减轻体重都没什么用。
