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Business
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Bartleby
巴托比专栏
A job applicant walks into a bar
一位求职者走进酒吧
How to write the perfect CV.
怎样写出完美简历。
Imagine meeting a stranger at a party.
想象一下在派对上遇到一个陌生人。
What makes for a successful encounter?
什么可以带来一场成功的邂逅？
Lesson one is to heed the wisdom of a shampoo commercial from the 1980s: you never get a second chance to make a first impression.
第一条经验就是要听从20世纪80年代一则洗发水广告的智慧：你永远不会有第二次机会去给人留下第一印象。
Lesson two is to remember that you do not need to wear a beret or a fur stole in order to stand out.
第二条经验是要记住，你不需要戴上贝雷帽或皮草披肩才能脱颖而出。
Lesson three is not to forget that what you leave out matters as much as what you say.
第三条经验是不要忘记，你没说的内容和你说出来的内容一样重要。
These same principles, it turns out, apply to writing a CV.
事实证明，这些相同的原则也适用于写简历。
A resume is not a list of every job you ever had. It is not your autobiography.
简历不是把你曾经做过的每一份工作都罗列出来。它不是你的自传。
It is, like that hair-care advert, a marketing tool.
简历就像那个洗发水广告一样，是一种营销工具。
Your audience is made up of recruiters and hiring managers.
你的听众是由招聘人员和招聘经理组成的。
Like cocktail-party guests, they do not take a long time to decide if they want to keep talking.
就像鸡尾酒会上的客人一样，他们不会花很长时间来决定是否要继续和某人交谈。
According to one study, such professionals spend an average of 7.4 seconds skimming a job application.
根据一项研究，这些专业人士平均花费7.4秒浏览一份工作申请。
Your guest Bartleby has a few tips on how best to ensure that these seconds count.
本专栏作者有一些小贴士，教你如何最好地确保这几秒是有价值的。
The CV’s number-one task is not to put the reader off.
简历的首要任务是不要让读者反感。
If you are thinking of adding a watermark with your initials, think again; you are trying too hard.
如果你想加上你的姓名首字母作为水印，请三思，这样太刻意了。
Use a clean, simple format and avoid fancy fonts (Arial or Helvetica are fine; Century Gothic is not).
使用干净、简单的格式，避免使用花哨的字体（Arial或Helvetica都可以，Century Gothic就不行）。
Adding colour does not mean using a teal background. Nor does it mean using purple prose.
添加色彩并不意味着使用蓝绿色背景，也不意味着使用紫色字体。
Cliches can be a reason you are passed over for an interview.
俗套可能是挑选面试人员的时候跳过你的一个原因。
So can typos; spell-check and proofread over and over.
拼写错误也可能是一个原因，所以请反复进行拼写检查和校对。
You would be surprised how often someone forgets to include their name and contact details.
你会惊讶于人们忘记把姓名和联系方式写上去的频率有多高。
Dispense with hackneyed descriptors (“cultivated and passionate professional”, “a keen eye for detail”)—facts should speak for themselves.
摒弃老套的描述（“修养深厚且充满热情的专业人士”“对细节有敏锐的洞察力”），事实应该不言自明。
But not all facts.
但不是所有事实都要提及。
You may think including your ranking on “Overwatch” is a quirky way to illustrate how quick you are on your feet.
你可能认为，在简历中写上你在《守望先锋》游戏中的排名是一种说明你反应有多快的奇特方式。
A recruiter may conclude that it shows you spend hours on the sofa tethered to a gaming console.
但招聘人员可能会得出结论，这表明你好几个小时都坐在沙发上，绑在游戏手柄上打游戏。
Do not hammer your CV out in an hour—take your time to polish it.
不要在一个小时内匆忙完成简历，花点时间润色一下。
Condense, filter and distil until what you are left with captures the essence of you.
浓缩、过滤、提炼，直到留下的东西捕捉到了你的精华部分。
Anyone’s CV can fit on a page, even if you have held residencies in the world’s eight top hospitals or are Christine Lagarde.
即使你在世界排名前八的医院实习过，或者你是欧洲中央银行总裁克里斯蒂娜·拉加德，你的简历都可以写满一页纸。
Forget the personal statement—no one has time for that.
忘记个人陈述吧，没人有时间看那个。
If you spent three weeks in the summer when you were 17 keeping the books in your uncle’s hardware store, no one needs to know that if you are now over the age of 25.
如果你在17岁那年夏天花了三周时间在你叔叔的五金店里记账，那么如果你现在超过25岁，就没有人需要知道这件事了。
The older you get, the more you should prioritise work experience over education.
年纪越大，你就越应该把工作经历放在教育经历之前。
Tailor your resume for every application by making the relevant tweaks and highlighting different areas.
每次申请时都要对简历进行相应的调整，进行微调以使自己与岗位更相关，并突出不同的方面。
Otherwise you are like the bore who tells the same story to every person he meets.
否则，你就会像一个对每个遇到的人都讲述同一个故事的讨厌鬼。
Not everyone—and not every recruiter—is interested in the same things.
并不是每个人——也不是每个招聘人员——都对同样的事情感兴趣。
If you can quantify an accomplishment, do.
如果你能将一项成就量化，那就去量化。
A second-year law student who just completed his summer internship having worked on six M&A deals? Put that in.
刚完成暑期实习的大二法学系学生参与了六宗并购交易？把这个写上。
Reasonable gaps in a resume are not cause for concern.
简历中合理的空窗期无需担忧。
Life happens and sometimes people take time off; you do not have to explain that you spent three months between jobs hiking around Machu Picchu to clear your head and recharge your batteries.
生活中会发生各种事情，有时人们会休息，你不必解释说你在两份工作之间花了三个月的时间在秘鲁的马丘比丘徒步旅行，以放空大脑并给自己充电。
A ten-year gap from the workforce may be another matter.
但不上班十年可能是另一回事。
So might constant job-switching, which is as much of a red flag to recruiters as admitting to never having had a long-term relationship might be to a stranger at a party.
频繁跳槽可能也是另一回事，这对招聘人员来说是一个危险信号，就像在聚会上向陌生人承认自己从未有过长期恋爱关系一样。
But if this describes your work history then you probably have bigger problems that a CV alone, no matter how masterful, will not fix.
但是，如果这就是你的工作经历，那么你可能有更大的问题，无论简历写得多么出色，都无法单靠简历解决这个问题。
Once you have sent your application, refrain from emailing prospective employers to see if they received it.
一旦发送了申请，就不要给未来的雇主再发邮件询问他们是否收到了。
You risk coming across as that annoying person who texts to see if their previous texts have got through.
这会有让你留下很烦人印象的风险，就是那种会发短信来看看他们之前发的短信是否已经送达的人。
In his commencement address at Kenyon College in 2005, David Foster Wallace, an American novelist, used the metaphor of fish oblivious to the element surrounding them in order to point to the dangers of the “natural, hard-wired, default setting which is to be deeply and literally self-centred”.
在2005年肯扬学院的毕业典礼演讲中，美国小说家大卫·福斯特·华莱士使用了一个比喻，即鱼对周围的环境浑然不觉，借此来指出“天然的、与生俱来的、默认的设置，即深刻的、字面意思的以自我为中心”的危险。
Your life, he implied, should illustrate an acute awareness of the outside world. So should your CV.
他暗示，你的生活应该展示出对外部世界的敏锐意识。你的简历也应该如此。
Drafting a presentation of your skills and achievements will inevitably reflect the sovereignty and self-absorption of your “skull-sized kingdom”, as Wallace described it.
正如华莱士所描述的那样，写一份展示你的技能和成就的简历，不可避免地会反映出你“头颅大小的王国”的主权和自我陶醉。
So as you launch yourself into the job market, follow his counsel to young graduates to try always to be aware of their place in the greater scheme of things: “This is water…this is water.”
所以，当你投身职场时，请遵循他给年轻毕业生的建议，要始终意识到自己在更大的格局中的位置：“这是水……这是水。”
