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1.pollutant 污染物
A steady stream of California traffic clogs the air with pollutants.
加利福尼亚川流不息的车流使空气中充斥着污染物。
2.forage for 搜寻
They were forced to forage for clothing and fuel.
他们不得不去寻找衣服和燃料。
v. 保存，保留，维护
n. 蜜饯，禁猎区
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- The upshot is that biochar is good at pulling pollutants like lead out of water.
- 结果生物炭非常善于将铅等污染物从水中抽走。
- And once a filter was saturated with the stuff, it would be a simple matter to replace it,
- 一旦过滤器被这一物质饱和，替换它将是一件简单的事情，
- strip out the accumulated lead using nitric acid, and then burn or dump the exhausted biochar.
- 用硝酸除去积累形成的铅，然后燃烧或倾倒耗尽的生物炭。
- Dr Mohan already knew, from previous work, that pine-wood biochar is an effective agent for stripping lead from water.
- 从之前的研究中，Mohan博士已经知道了松木生物炭是一种有效的铅脱除剂。
- But pine wood is a valuable commodity, so he wondered if he could pull off a similar trick using another forest product—
- 但松木是一种昂贵的商品，所以他想知道是否可以用另一种林产品完成类似的任务——
- one that currently has no value, namely pine needles.
- 一种目前不值钱的木产品，即松针。
- To test this idea he and his colleagues went foraging for needles in the forests of Uttarakhand state, north-east of Delhi.
- 为了验证这一想法，他和他的同事去了德里东北的北阿坎德邦的森林里寻找针叶。
- They returned their spoils to the laboratory, divided the needles into batches,
- 他们把找到的针叶带回实验室，将针叶分成几批，
- and charred the batches in an electric furnace at temperatures ranging from 350-750°C.
- 然后分别在电炉中用350到750摄氏度的温度烧焦。
- Experiments suggested that material charred at 550°C extracted lead most efficiently,
- 试验表明烤焦到550摄氏度的材料能最有效地提取铅，
- and examination showed that this material had the largest internal surface area per gram
- 并且检验表明，这一材料每克中的内表面面积最大
- (determined by a technique that measures a substance's ability to adsorb gases),
- （由一种测量物质吸附气体能力的技术来测定的），
- and the optimal level of carbonisation needed to preserve the metal-capturing organic compounds.
- 还有保存金属捕获有机化合物所需的最佳碳化水平。
- The best temperature for the process, they discovered, was 35°C—just under body heat, and also ambient, at least in the summer,
- 他们发现，这一过程的最佳温度是35摄氏度——刚好低于体温，和常温，至少在夏天
- in the wide plain south of the Himalaya through which the Ganges, one of the most polluted rivers on the planet, flows.
- 在喜马拉雅南部的广阔平原上是如此，且地球上污染最严重的河流之一——恒河流经这里。
- Whether these laboratory observations can be turned into a practical process is hard to say.
- 这些实验室观察结果是否能够转为实践过程还很难说。
- Special filtration-beds would have to be built in water-treatment plants—
- 水处理工厂中必须有特殊的过滤层——
- facilities of which India is in any case woefully short. But it is not short of material to make the biochar.
- 而印度非常缺乏这些设施。但印度并不缺乏制造这种生物炭的材料。
- An average hectare of Himalayan conifer forest produces over six tonnes of needles a year.
- 喜马拉雅针叶林平均一公顷每年生产6吨以上的针叶。
- The process of charring would reduce this to two tonnes, but that is still a fair yield.
- 烤焦过程将使这个量减少至两吨，但这仍是一个合理的产出。
- How much of this fallen foliage would need to be removed to reduce the fire risk and gain the other potential benefits,
- 需要处理多少落叶才能降低风险，并获得其他潜在益处，
- and what further effects this might have on the local ecology, remain to be determined.
- 这一做法会进一步对当地生态产生怎样的影响，这些仍有待确定。
- But Dr Mohan's work does show how the cost of this removal might be turned into a benefit enjoyed by all.
- 但Mohan博士的研究确实表明，清除这些针叶的成本可能会如何转变成所有人都能享受的利益。
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