经济学人:《幸存的独裁统治》书评--橙色警告(1)

时间:2020-07-15 17:35:28 来源:经济学人编辑:Melody 可可英语APP下载 | 可可官方微信:ikekenet

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Two days after Donald Trump was elected, Masha Gessen argued in the New York Review of Books that
唐纳德·特朗普当选两天后，玛莎·格森在《纽约书评》中表示，

he was "the first candidate in memory who ran not for president, but for autocrat—and won."
“记忆中，特朗普是第一位不是要竞选总统，而是要当选独裁者的候选人，而且他也获胜了。”

The piece offered advice, such as "Do not be taken in by small signs of normality."
这篇文章中提出了一些建议，比如“不要被一些正常的小迹象所迷惑。”

He has been more hostile to oversight and dissent, and more demanding of personal loyalty and displays of adulation, than any American president in memory.
相较于记忆中的任何一位美国总统，特朗普都要更加敌视疏忽和异议，更加要求个人忠诚和炫耀奉承。

In a pithy but overstated new book, Gessen (who prefers to be referred to that way) updates and expands on that early warning.
在一本简练但言过其实的新书中，格森（他更喜欢这样称呼）对那条早期提出的警告进行更新和扩展。

Mr Trump, Gessen writes, is qualitatively different from any of his predecessors, given as he is to "ignoring and destroying all institutions of accountability".
格森写道，特朗普与所有前任总统都有质的不同，因为他“无视并破坏所有的问责制度”。

The author, who was born in the Soviet Union and has written acutely about Vladimir Putin's Russia,
作者出生于苏联，曾经文笔尖锐地描写过弗拉基米尔·普京统治的俄罗斯，

The determination of the press to appear objective and balanced, Gessen argues, as well as its weakness for hope,
格森认为，新闻界想要表现出客观和平衡的决心，以及对希望的向往，

have prevented it from accurately describing Mr Trump's predations— even as it hyped his normal-seeming moments.
使其无法准确描述特朗普的掠夺行径——即使它大肆宣传特朗普似乎很正常的时刻。

Pillars of the state, such as the Office of Government Ethics, were accustomed to compliance from the White House and ill-equipped to counter open defiance.
美国联邦政府道德办公室等政府支柱机构，习惯于服从白宫的指示，而且也没有准备好反击公开的挑衅。

but, Gessen maintains, they "function on the assumption that they are partners in an ongoing negotiation",
但是，格森坚持认为，他们“假定自己是正在进行的一场谈判中的合作伙伴，并基于这样的情况进行运作”，

whereas Mr Trump "sees any attempt at negotiation as an affront to his power—something that needs to be quashed at any cost."
而特朗普“认为任何谈判企图都是对其权力的侮辱，需要不惜任何代价予以制止。”

On this view, Democrats have too often let him dictate the terms of political battle.
在这种观点下，民主党人经常让他决定政治斗争的条件。

For instance, Gessen derides Chuck Schumer, the Senate minority leader, for saying he had a "policy difference" with Mr Trump over the border wall,
例如，格森嘲笑参议院少数派领袖查克·舒默，因为他表示，自己与特朗普在边境墙问题上存在“政策分歧”，

扫描二维码进行跟读打分训练

1.take in 欺骗；收容；（警察）带走；观看；摄取；理解；容纳；（衣物）改小；进账

I married in my late teens and was taken in by his charm — which soon vanished...
我十八九岁时结了婚，那时被他的魅力所迷惑——可他的魅力很快就荡然无存Z7K=3O|AL2Xew5=Vx。

2.for instance 例如

There are a number of improvements; for instance, both mouse buttons can now be used
在许多地方有了改进，例如，鼠标的左右键都可以使用了wPhq)0T%av968(b。

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重点单词		查看全部解释
weakness	['wi:knis]	想一想再看 n. 软弱
adulation	[,ædju'leiʃən]	想一想再看 n. 谄媚；奉承
border	['bɔ:də]	想一想再看 n. 边界，边境，边缘 vt. 与 ... 接
resistance	[ri'zistəns]	想一想再看 n. 抵抗力，反抗，反抗行动;阻力，电阻;反对	联想记忆 X 单词resistance 联想记忆： re反＋sist站立+ance→反抗；抵抗力
accustomed	[ə'kʌstəmd]	想一想再看 adj. 习惯了的，通常的
immoral	[i'mɔ:rəl]	想一想再看 adj. 不道德的	联想记忆 X 单词immoral 联想记忆： im不，无，非+moral道德的→不道德的
autocrat	['ɔ:təkræt]	想一想再看 n. 独裁者	联想记忆 X 单词autocrat 联想记忆： auto自己，crat统治－自己统治－独裁者
scheme	[ski:m]	想一想再看 n. 方案，计划，阴谋 v. 计画，设计，体系	联想记忆 X 单词scheme 联想记忆：注意不要和schema（轮廓）相混，尤其作为阴谋一意
accurately	['ækjuritli]	想一想再看 adj. 准确地 adv. 精确地，准确地
function	['fʌŋkʃən]	想一想再看 n. 功能，函数，职务，重大聚会 vi. 运行