1.refer to 涉及；指的是

Symbols are signs that refer to the object by a convention.
标志是一种人们习惯性指代某种事物的符号。

Slowschools and slow education can refer to different aspects of education.
慢速学校和慢速教育可以指教育的不同方面。

2.seem to 似乎

Financial markets seem to agree.
金融市场似乎也证实了这一点。

Investors seem to have noticed.
投资者似乎也注意到了。

3.similar to 相似,相同

You should see something similar to figure 2.
你应该会看到类似图2的内容。

Try and visualize this energy as a bright white light similar to that of sunlight.
试着想象这一能源，把它当做一种明亮如阳光一样的白光。

4.expose to 暴露于；公开揭露

When expose to hydrogen sulfide in extremely high concentration, "shock-like" poisoning may appear. The sufferer may suddenly fall in seconds and stop breathing.
在接触极高浓度硫化氢时，可发生“电击样”中毒，接触者在数秒内突然倒下，呼吸停止。

To expose to danger or harm.
暴露于危险和伤害之下。