5. And if one received a grape without having to provide her token in exchange at all, the other either tossed her own token at the researcher or out of the chamber, or refused to accept the slice of cucumber.

【分析】复合句。本句主干为the other either tossed her own token... or refused to accept the slice of cucumber，其中包含either…or结构。if引导条件状语从句，其主干为 one received a grape，介词短语 without...all作伴随状语。
【译文】如果一只猴子根本无需用代帀就能得到一颗葡萄的话，另外一只猴子就会将代帀掷向研究人员或扔出房间外，或者拒绝接受那片黄瓜。
【点拨】1）token名词时，意为“标志”或“代币”，本句中意思是作形容词时，意为“标志性的”或“装样子的，敷衍的”。2）in exchange“作为交换”， 常跟for连用。

6. Refusing a lesser reward completely make these feelings abundantly clear to other members of the group.

【分析】简单句。动名词结构refusing a lesser reward作主语，谓语为 make,abundantly clear to other members of the group作宾语these feelings的补足语。
【译文】拒绝接受较少的酬劳完全将这些情绪准确无误地传递给群体内其他成员。