33. It is worrisome that society is medicalizing more and more behavioral problems, often defining as addictions what earlier, sterner generations explained as weakness of will.

【分析】多重复合句。句子主干为It is worrisome that...，it为形式主语,真正主语为that引导的从句。主语从句中，defining…为现在分词结构作伴随状语，其中又包含 what引导的名词性从句作defining的宾语,放在as addictions之后，defining与第一个as构成define…as结构。
【译文】令人担忧的是，社会正在用医学方法处理越来越多的行为问题,常常把以前严厉的前辈们解释为意志薄弱的行为定义为"上瘾"。
【点拨】1)worrisome“令人担忧的”。2)define ... as“把…定义为”。

34. Pushed by science, or what claims to be science, society is reclassifying what once were considered character flaws or moral failings as personality disorders akin to physical disabilities.

【分析】复合句。句子主干为society is reclassifying ..as。过去分词短语pushed by science作状语,or后由what引导的名词性从句与science并列；第二个what引导的名词性从句作reclassify的宾语;akin to physical disabilities作personality disorders的后置定语。
【译文】在科学或所谓科学的推动下，社会将从前我们认为的性格缺陷或者道徳缺失重新划分为类似于生理障碍的人格障碍。
【点拨】1) character flaw “性格缺陷”2)akin“相似的，类似的；同族的”，常与to连用。