successor：接替的人或事物； 继承人，继任者

e.g. Abdication is precluded by the lack of a possible successor.

因为没有可能的继承人，让位无法实现。

e.g. He gave over charge of his office to his successor today.

他今天向继任者交接了工作。

resentment: 愤恨；不满；愤概

e.g. All her feelings of resentment just came pouring out.

她一股脑儿倾吐出所有的怨恨。

e.g. You are not doing yourself any good by storing up your resentment.

你这样积恨对你没有好处。

independence：独立，自主

e.g. Tunisia achieved independence from French colonial rule in 1956.

突尼斯于1956年从法国的殖民统治下获得独立。

e.g. Cuba gained independence from Spain in 1898.

古巴于1898年脱离西班牙而获得独立。

aristocratic：贵族的；贵族气派的

e.g. He laughed it off with aristocratic indifference.

他带着贵族式的漠然对其一笑置之。

e.g. Nabokov was the scion of an aristocratic family.

纳博科夫是一个贵族家庭的阔少。

e.g. Of course you're the most aristocratic of the two of us.

你当然是我们两个人中最有贵族气派的。

bureaucrat：官僚主义者

e.g. The economy is still controlled by bureaucrats.

经济依然被官僚们所掌控。

e.g. He is a conservative bureaucrat who can be counted upon to follow a beaten path.

他是一个保守的官僚，他准会循规蹈矩地办事。