1. On the evening of March 9th, 1567, while Mary was attending a must ball, Bothwell supervised the lighting of a fuse that at two o'clock in the morning would detonate an immense quantity of gunpowder beneath the house where Darnley was asleep.
结构剖析:这是含有时间状语从句的复合句。
主句是:On the evening of March 9th, 1567, Bothwell supervised the lighting of a fuse that at two o'clock in the morning would detonate an immense quantity of gunpowder beneath the house where Darnley was asleep。时间状语从句是:while Mary was attending a must ball。
在主句中,On the evening of March 9th, 156是介词短语作时间状语。
在这个主句中含有一个定语从句:that at two o'clock in the morning would detonate an immense quantity of gunpowder beneath the house where Darnley was asleep。它修饰先行词fuse。Fuse在定语从句中做主语,指代物,那么that和which都可以使用。因为是做主语,所以关系代词这里没有省略。
在上面的定语从句中的beneath the house beneath the house where Darnley was asleep是介词短语作定语修饰gun powder。在这个介词短语中含有一个定语从句:where Darnley was asleep。它修饰先行词house。House是指代地点,在定语从句中做地点状语,因此用where这个关系副词来引导。
2. Running through the garden in his night-shirt, Darnley ran straight into the plotters who promptly throttled him to death.
结构剖析:这是一个含有现在分词短语的复合句。
主句是Darnley ran straight into the plotters who promptly throttled him to death,现在分词短语是Running through the garden in his night-shirt。
现在分词短语在这里做时间状语,我们可以将之改为时间状语从句:after he run through the garden in his night-shirt。现在分词中的in his night-shirt是介词短语作伴随状况状语。
在主句中含有一个定语从句:who promptly throttled him。它修饰先行词plotters。先行词在定语从句中做主语,指代人,我们可以用that或者who,文中用的是who。由于是做主语,关系代词不能省略。