Passage
文章
How does a computer work?
计算机是如何工作的?
professional terms
专业术语
diskette n.
磁盘
memory n.
存储器,记忆
processor n.
处理机,处理程序
keyboard n.
键盘
manipulate v.
操作,操纵,处理
A computer is controlled by a stored program
计算机是受存储程序控制的。
thus ,the first step in using the machine is copying the program from diskette into memory.
因此使用计算机的第一步是把程序从软盘上拷贝到内存中,
Now ,the processor can begin executing instructions.
处理器就能开始执行指令了。
Input data from the keyboard are stored memory.
从键盘输入的数据也被存在了主存中。
The processor manipulates the data.
处理器加工数据。
Storing the results back into memory.
把结果送回主存。
Finally ,the results are output.
最后输出结果。
Notes
注意事项
A computer is controlled by a stored program: thus the first step in using the machine is copying the the program from diskette into memory.
计算机是存储程序控制的,因此使用计算机的第一步是把程序从软盘上拷贝到内存中。
Professional Terms
专业术语
content n.
内容,目录
invoice n.
发票,发货票
collection n.
收集物,收藏品
chart n.
图(表)
joystick n.
操纵杆
imaginary a.
想象中的;假想的
Memory's contents are easy to change.
主存中的内容很容易改变。
Thus, when one set of data has been processed, the program can be repeated.
因此,当一组数据被处理完后,程序还可以重复使用,
reading and processing new data, and generating new output.
再读入和处理新的数据,并得到新的结果。
If the data can be changed , why not the program?
如果数据能改变,程序为什么不能被改变?
When a program is finished, a new one can take its place in memory, allowing the computer to process completely different data.
当一个程序运行完后,另一个新程序就占据了它在主存中的位置,让计算机去处理完全不同的数据。
One minute it can generate paychecks from labor data under control of a payroll program.
某一时刻计算机能在工资管理程序的控制下,根据员工的数据产生工资单。
The next minute, it can prepare bills from invoices under control of a billing program.
接着计算机又能在帐目管理程序的控制下,从各种数据中产生所需帐单。
Later, this same colletion of components ,controlled by yet another program, can read statistical data and produce a bar chart.
以后,仍是这台计算机,还可以其它程序的控制下,读入统计数据,产生一个柱状图表,
or sense the movements of a joystick and manipulate the position of an imaginary spaceship on a display screen.
或者指示操纵杆的运动方向,操控一个假想的宇宙飞船在屏幕上的位置。