CATTI二级口译精讲第39讲讲义

数字口译二：数字与信息相结合

人们通常通过列举数字来说明某一方面的情况。因此数字虽然十分重要但也只是说明情况的手 段而已。在翻译时固然要集中精力记数字,当然也绝不能忽视讲话中所要说明的内容。有时内容比数字甚至要重要的多，因为数字没听清 可以说大概，而内容没听清就什么也说不出来了。所以在听数字信息时要把精力放在三个方面：
（1）描述的 是什么内容;
（2）趋势是怎样的, 是上升还是下降;
（3）什么数字, 注意力重点放在较高数位上。
例如在听到“出口值上升了百分之七十六点五”时，在没听全数字时可译为“出口值上升了百分之七十多”，在没记下数字时可译为：“出口值有大幅度上升”。但若没听清趋势，即上升，或是没听清所 描述的对象，即出口值时，就很难处理了。以下是一些于数字有关地表达法：


1．趋势的表达法

增加：increase, rise, grow, go up;
增长到：expand to, increase to, go up to, be up to, rise to;
增长了：go up by x%, increase by x%;
爬升：pick up, climb;
飚升：surge up, hike sth up, jump up, shoot up, soar, zoom up,skyrocket;
下降：decrease, decline, drop, fall, go down, reduce;
猛跌：plunge, be slashed, tumble;
稍降：be trimmed, dip, slip;
超过：outstrip, outpace, surpass, exceed, be more than, be over.

2．数值的表达法：

达到：reach, amount to, stand at, come to, be up to, arrive at, hit;
总计：total, add up to, amount to;
占（百分比）：account for, occupy, make up, take;
多达：be as much as, be as many as, be up to;
大约，约：about, around, some, approximately, roughly, more or less, in the neighborhood of, or so, or thereabouts, in the rough;
少于：less than, fewer than, under, below, within;
多于：more than, over, above, upwards of, and more, and odd, odd;
差不多：nearly, almost;
介于...之间：from A to B, between A and B, somewhere between A and B, anywhere between A and B;

3. 倍数表达法：

汉译英：

（1）A是B 的5倍：
A is five times as large as B
A is five times larger than B

（2）A增加到原来的5倍：
A increases fivefold / (by ) five times / by a factor of five / by 400%.
（3）A减少到原来的1/5：
A decreases by five times / by a factor of five / by 80%.
There is fivefold decrease in A.
A is five times as small as before.
A is five times smaller than before.

英译汉：

A increases by 6 times: A增加到原来的六倍；或A比原来增加了五倍。
A reduces by 3 times: A 减少到原来的三分之一； 或 A减少了两倍。
A reduces by 30 times: A 减少了29倍
A is 2.5 times lighter than before: A比原来轻了1.5 倍。

数字练习：

Asia is now home to some of the fastest-growing AIDS epidemics in the world. In Asia, an estimated 7.4 million people (range: 5.0-10.5 million) are living with HIV. Around half a million are believed to have died of AIDS in 2003 and about twice as many-1.1 million became newly infected. //

0-Asia is faced with a narrow window of opportunity to prevent AIDS from having a more severe impact on the region. With 60% of the world's population, Asia is now home to some of the fastest-growing AIDS epidemics in the world. This is primarily due to sharp increases in HIV infections in China, Indonesia and Viet Nam, which together make up close to 50% of Asia's population. //

0-The region includes the world's most populous countries-China and India-with 2.25 billion people between them. In both countries, national HIV prevalence is low: 0.1% in China and between 0.4% and 1.3% in India. But a closer focus reveals that both have extremely serious epidemics in a number of provinces, territories and states. //

In China, 10 million people may be infected with HIV by 2010 unless effective action is urgently taken. The virus has spread to all 31 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities, yet each area has its own distinctive epidemic pattern. For example, in Xinjiang, HIV prevalence among injecting drug users is 35-80%. In areas such as Anhui, Henan and Shandong, HIV gained a foothold in the early 1990s among rural people who were selling contaminated blood. //