1.primitive a．原始的(original)；简单的(very simple, not complicated)

词根记忆：prim(第一)+itive ——最早的——原始的

例：Communications and transports of seventeenth century are too primitive to make comparisons with modern ones.

2.primordial a．原始的(first created or developed)；主要的(fundamental, primary)

词根记忆：prim(第一)+ord(顺序)+ial——处于第一顺序的——主要的

例：primordial matter原生物质

3.princely a．高贵的(noble);威严的(magnificent)

词根记忆：来自prince(n.王子)

例：The princely gentleman was polite, charming, and well liked.

4.principal a．主要的(main, chief)；n．校长(headmaster)

例：In birds, the second finger is the principal strut of the wing, which consists primarily of feathers.//a school principal学校校长

派生词：principally( ad.主要地)

5.principle n.原则(a rule or code of conduct);原理(a comprehensive and fundamental law, doctrine, or assumption)；道义(a moral rule or a strong belief that influences your actions)

词根记忆：prin（第一）+cip(取)+le——须第一位选取的——原则

例：It discusses an exception to a general principle outIined in the first paragraph．

派生词：principIed（a．有原则的，有操守的）

同根词：principaI（a．最重要的）

6.priority n.在先(be more important)；优先权(right to have or do sth．before others)；优先考虑的事(thing that is regarded as more important than Others)

词根记忆：来自prlor（a．在前的）

例：Airlines are assigning a higher priority to safe seating than to minimizing fuel costs.

7.pristine a．原始的(belonging to the earliest period or state)；未被破坏的(not spoiled，corrupted)；纯洁的(pure)；新鲜的(fresh and clean)

词根记忆：prist（=prim最早的）+ine——原始的

例：There are fewer salmon in degraded regions than in pristine ones．

8.privilege n．特权：优惠(a right granted as a peculiar favor)

例：Women in this community enjoyed unusual legal and economic privileges.

9.privy n．有利害关系的人(a person having a legal interest of privity)；a．私人的(private, withdrawn)；不公开的．秘密参与的(secret)

例：A watchdog group recently uncovered a trick that enables an interloper to rig an E-mail message so that this person will be privy to any comments that a recipient might add as the message is forwarded to others or sent back and forth.

派生词：privily( ad.秘密地：暗中地)