1.pelvis n.骨盆（a basin-shaped structure of the vertebrate skeleton)

词根记忆：pell(容器)+vis--骨盆

例:A wide, shallow pelvis is actually better suited to bipedal walking than is the rounder, bowl-like pelvis.

2.penalty n.处罚(punishment)；罚款(fine, forfeit)

词根记忆：来自penal(a．刑罚的，惩罚的)

例：Corporations are not subject to statutory penalty for failing to include women on their boards.

3.penetrate v.穿透，渗透(to pierce)

词根记忆：pen(全部)+etr(=enter进入)+ate--全部进入--穿透，渗透

例：The fumes penetrated the walls of the room.

4.peninsula n.半岛( byland )

联想记忆：pen(几乎)+insula(小岛)--几乎是个小岛--半岛

例：the Italian peninsula

5.pension n．养老金，退休金(retirement pay)

词根记忆：pens(挂，引申为钱)+ion--养老金

例：They rely entirely on the government pension for their income.

6.per capita a．每人，照人数分配的(per unit of population; per person)

例：Per capita consumption of fish in Jurania was lower in 1989 than in-1980.

7.perceive v.察觉，发觉(to become aware of sth. through the senses)

联想记忆：per(全部)+ceive(拿住)--察觉得早，才能全部拿住--察觉，发觉

注意：deceive(v.欺骗，行骗)

例：I deceived a slight cinnamon taste in the coffee.

派生词：perception(n．察觉，发觉)

同根词：conceive(v.设计，想象)

8.perceptibly ad.可察觉地，可辨地( sensibly, tangibly)

例：When the bottles are viewed side by side, this bottle is perceptibly taller than that one.

派生词：perceptive(a．有感知的，有理解力的)

9.perception n．感觉：洞察力(quick, acute, and intuitive cognition)

词根记忆：来自percept(v.感知，认识)

例：Evidence that pheromone responses may not involve conscious odor perception comes from the finding.

同根词：perceptive(a．感知的)