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第二卷(非选择题，共两大题，35分)
第四部分：任务型阅读(共10小题；每小题l分，满分l0分)
请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。
注意：每个空格只填1个单词。请将答案写在答题纸上相应题号的横线上。
The emotional bond a child secures with its parents has a greater impact on its education than previously thought, a report suggests. The Sutton Trust study says children’s early attachment to parents has far-reaching consequences for their ability to speak, learn and think. Parents who are insecure themselves find it harder to provide children with security, it says. And the report calls for more help so parents can develop such crucial bonds. The study focuses on the application of the theory of attachment—a key theory in child development and psychology. This says the degree to which children are secure and resilient as they grow up depends on their own early experiences with their mothers and fathers and how they have bonded.
The report from the Sutton Trust education charity, entitled Baby Bonds, makes the case that it has an important impact on children’s future educational chances as well as their emotional well-being. It is based on an analysis of more than 100 studies on the issue, including home visits and assessments and observations of children in a range of countries. The trust argues that although psychologists have been aware of attachment theory, it has not been seen by policy makers as a key influence on educational attainment. And it asks them to take this into account. The report says when babies and toddlers do not form these strong parental bonds—known as secure attachment—they are more likely to exhibit poor language and poor behavior before they reach school.
And it cites international studies which suggest this continues late into life, with insecure children more likely to leave school early or duck out of employment or training. They are also more likely to suffer from aggression, defiance and hyperactivity later in life.
The Sutton Trust says its analysis of the research suggests that about 40% of children in the UK lack a secure attachment with their parents. Lead author Sophie Moullin said that when her team looked at large scale representative studies in a number of countries they all found, from their observations, that between 38% and 42% of children suffered from poor attachment in all the different study locations. She added: “Secure attachment really helps children with emotional and social development and at school it really helps them to manage their behavior. Shouting, looking out of the window, hitting each other…These are the things that teachers will tell you that are stopping children from learning. It’s really only as we understand more about these behavior problems that we have decided that a lot of it goes back to this early bonding with parents. ”
Research director at the trust Conor Ryan said: “Better bonding between parents and babies could lead to more social mobility, as there is such a clear link to education, behavior and future employment. The educational divide emerges early in life, with a 19—month school readiness gap between the most and least advantaged children by the age of five.
This report clearly identifies the fundamental role secure attachment could have in narrowing that school readiness gap and improving children’s life chances. “More support from health visitors, children’s centers together with local authorities in helping parents improve how they bond with young children could play a role in narrowing the education gap. ”
The Sutton Trust study
Introduction The study reveals children’s early attachment to parents (71) _______ affects their ability to speak, learn and think.
Method of the study Researchers (72)________ more than 100 case studies on the issue through visiting homes, assessing children and (73)_________children.
Statistics of the study ?In the UK, only about 60% of children have a secure attachment with their parents.
?In other countries where the studies were carried out, the numbers are quite (74)________.
Negative effects of insecure (75)_______ ?A (76)_________ of secure parental bonding may lead to poor language and behavior for preschool children.
At the age of five, the (77)________ school readiness gap between children can be 19 months.
?Without secure attachment, future life difficulties such as quitting school, (78)_________ from work and other emotional issues would emerge.
The significance of parental attachment Better bonding between parents and babies could lead to a change in people’s social (79)_________ because it narrows children’s school readiness gap and it improves children’s life chances.
Suggestion A (80)_______ effort is needed for strong parent-child bonding.
第五部分：书面表达(满分25分)
This is a picture of a ballet dancer whose left foot looks shockingly different from the right one. Some even jokes that the left foot represents how elegant ballet dancers look. On the contrary, the right one reveals the nature of those dancers’ life. One can hardly imagine how much time and effort have been devoted to endless practice.
【写作内容】
请根据你对所示图片及文字的理解，写一篇150词左右的文章，要点如下：
1.以约30个词简要描述图片的内容；
2.以约120个词谈谈你的看法，内容包括：
（1） 图片给你的启示，并举例说明；
（2） 你最想对图片的芭蕾舞者说什么？为什么？
【写作要求】
1.可以参照阅读材料的内容，但不得直接引用原文的句子；
2.作文中不能出现真实的姓名和学校的名称
3.不必写标题
【评分标准】
内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当
