1. 三者均可表示“原谅”,有时可换用。如:
Please excuse [forgive, pardon] me for not writing sooner. 请原谅我没有早点(给你)写信。
但严格说来,三者在语气上有较大差别:excuse 是普通用词,语气较轻,主要用于日常社交中对一些轻微的过失表示道歉;forgive 比 excuse 语气稍重,并且带有较强的个人感情色彩,含有一旦 forgive 则怨恨消失且不加追究之意;pardon 语气最重,原指法律上的“赦免”,但在普通用法中也有免于惩罚或追究的意思。
2. 从句型上看:
(1) forgive, pardon 可接双宾语 (但 excuse 一般不这样用)。如:
Please forgive me my fault. 请原谅我的过错。
She pardoned him his faults. 她宽恕了他的过错。
(2) 三者之后接动词时通常都用动名词(而不用不定式)。如:
They forgave his being rude. 他们原谅了他的鲁莽。
Pardon my interrupting you. 对不起打扰你了。
Excuse my opening your letter by mistake. 请原谅我不小心拆了你的信。
注:以上各句均可用“动词+sb+for doing sth”替换:
They forgave him for being rude.
Pardon me for interrupting you.
Excuse me for opening your letter by mistake.
不要按汉语“原谅某人做某事”的意思,而在以上三个动词后接不定式的复合结构。如:
误:They forgave him to be rude.
误:Pardon me to interrupt you.
误:Excuse me to open your letter by mistake.
引用地址:http://www.yywords.com/Article/201010/1695.html
n. 原谅,赦免
vt. 宽恕,原谅