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literal
a. 照字面的，原义的；逐字的
The literal meaning of "ponder" is to "weigh".
"ponder"（权衡）的字面原意是"称…的分量"。
literally
ad. 逐字地，照原文，照字面地；确实地，真正地；简直
To translate literally is not always the closest to the original meaning.
逐字翻译不一定最接近原义。
There are people in the world who literally do not know how to boil water.
世界上确实有不知道该怎么烧水的人。
misfortune
n. 不幸，厄运，逆境；不幸事故，灾难，灾祸
Misfortunes never come alone.
（谚）祸不单行。
I had the misfortune to break my leg yesterday.
昨天我不幸折断了腿。
oppress
vt. 压迫，压制；（使心情等）沉重，使烦恼
Poverty oppresses the spirit.
贫穷折磨着人们的心灵。
I feel oppressed by the heat.
我感到闷热难受。
pastime
n. 消遣，娱乐
Playing cards is our favorite pastime when we travel by train.
打牌是我们乘火车旅行时最喜欢的娱乐消遣。
ponder
v.（on，upon，over）思索，考虑，沉思
I want to quietly ponder what to do next.
我想静静想一想下一步怎么办。
Many people are pondering (upon) the meaning of life.
许多人都在苦苦思索生活的意义。
prevalent
a. 流行的，普遍的
Smog is more prevalent in urban centers.
烟雾在市中心更为普遍。
provocative
a. 挑衅的，煽动的；挑逗的
The pretty model looks very provocative in a transparent mini-skirt in the fashion show.
在时装表演中，漂亮的模特儿穿着一条透明的迷你裙，看上去十分撩人。
refute
vt. 驳斥，驳倒
The lawyer made good use of the favorable evidence to refute his counterpart's testimony.
律师充分利用有利证据驳倒了对手的证词。
rip
v. 扯破，撕坏 n. 裂口，裂缝
Lightening ripped the cloudy night sky.
闪电划破乌云密布的夜空。
There's a big rip in my sleeve.
我的袖子有一道裂口。
scrutiny
n. 详细检查，仔细观察
A famous figure's actions are subjected to minute scrutiny by the press.
名人的各种行为都会受到舆论界仔细的审视。
specification
n.（常pl. ）规格，规范；明确说明；（产品等的）说明书
The First Amendment to the American constitution is the specification that each citizen enjoys freedom of religion.
美国宪法的第一条修正案是关于公民享有宗教信仰自由的规定。
subsidy
n. 津贴，补助金
Can I apply for the unemployment subsidy when I am out of job?
失业了我可以申请失业补助金吗？
Agriculture subsidies, among others, are an important subject in current WTO talks.
农业补贴问题，和其他的相关问题一样，是当前世贸组织谈判的重要议题之一。
tentative
a. 试探（性）的；试验（性）的
Kissinger's first visit to China was a tentative one.
基辛格对中国的第一次访问是试探性的。
transplant
vt. 移栽，移种（植物等）；移植（器官）；使迁移，使移居 n.（器官）移植
Tea was transplanted from China to India and Sri Lanka.
茶树是从中国移植到印度和斯里兰卡的。
Not every transplant operation can be successful, because the transplant may be rejected by the surrounding tissues.
并不是每一个器官移植手术都能成功，因为移植的器官可能会受周围组织的排斥。
virgin
n.处女，未婚女子 a.未经开发的，未经使用的，未经触动的；处女的
The Blessed Virgin Mary refers to Jesus' mother.
圣母玛利亚是耶稣基督的母亲。
