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historical
a.历史（上）的，史学的
The British constitution is to a large extent a product of the historical events.
英国宪法在很大程度上是历史事件的产物。
The sequence of historical plays by Shakespeare is still the masterpieces in today's literature.
莎士比亚写的一系列历史剧仍然是当今文坛中的名著。
indispensable
a.（to, for） 必不可少的，必需的
Air and water are indispensable to life.
空气和水是生命所必需的东西。
It is well known that knowledge is the indispensable condition for expansion of mind.
众所周知，知识是发展智力的必备条件。
instinct
n.本能，直觉；生性，天性
Struggling for survival is a human instinct.
求生是人类的本能。
monitor
n.监听器，监视器，检测器；（计算机）显示器；（学校的）班长 vt. 监听，监视；监测，检测
Stock-market analysts monitor a great variety of financial indicators.
股票市场分析家们监视各种各样的金融指数。
preliminary
a.预备的，初步的 n. （常pl. ）准备工作，初步行为
For a possible major overhaul, the tutor expects a preliminary draft of each paper two weeks before the final due date.
因为可能要做大规模的检查，导师要求在最后期限前两星期交一份论文初步草稿。
They were very excited because they had passed the preliminary interview with IBM.
他们很兴奋，因为他们通过了IBM公司的第一轮面试。
protest
n.抗议，反对 v. 抗议，反对
Loud protests were heard when the decision was announced.
这决定一宣布，抗议之声不绝于耳。
Guests can protest about the bad service of the restaurant to the owner.
顾客可以向老板投诉饭店内的低劣服务。
readily
ad.乐意地，欣然地；容易地；很快地，立即
A successful businessman should be able to readily accommodate to the changing economic conditions.
一个成功的商人 应该能很快地适应变化的经济情况。
relevant
a.有关的，切题的
It's said that a person's fate is relevant to his character.
据说人的命运与性格有关。
About 3 million people die because of the relevant diseases derived from smoking every year.
每年有300万人死于与抽烟有关的疾病。
resistance
n.反抗，抵制； 抵抗力，抵抗性；阻力，电阻
Researchers discovered that plants infected with a virus give off a gas that activates disease resistance in neighboring plants.
研究人员发现，感染病毒的植物能够发出一种气体， 这种气体能在临近植物中激发疾病抗体。
The environmentalists put up lots of resistance to fur-clothing companies.
环保人士多次对皮衣公司提出了抗议。
smash
粉vi.碎；猛撞 vt. 粉碎；猛击；使破灭，使失败 n. 破碎（声）；猛撞；轰动的演出，巨大的成功
If you smash an egg on a stone, the egg will definitely smash.
用鸡蛋去撞石头，蛋肯定会撞个粉碎。
strengthen
vt.加强，巩固
The cooperation among countries should be strengthened to protect the environment.
国家与国家之间必须加强合作以保护环境。
subsequent
a.随后的，后来的
Most countries in Europe were in a mess during the period subsequent to World War II.
二战后的一段时期中，大部分欧洲国家陷入了窘境。
