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n. 罢工，打击，殴打
v. 打，撞，罢工，划
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Passage Three
Esperanto is an artificial language,
designed to serve internationally as an auxiliary means of communication
among speakers of different languages.
It was created by Ludwig Lazar Zamenhof,
a polish Jewish doctor specialized in eye diseases.
Esperanto was first presented in 1887.
An international movement was launched to promote its use.
Despite arguments and disagreements,
the movement has continued to flourish and
has members in more than 80 countries.
Esperanto is used internationally across language boundaries
by at least 1 million people,
particularly in specialized fields.
It is used in personal contexts,
on radio broadcasts and in a number of publications,
as well as in translations of both modern works and classics.
Its popularity has spread from Europe,
both east and west,
to such countries as Brazil and Japan.
It is, however, in China that Esperanto has had its greatest impact.
It is taught in universities and used in many translations,
often in scientific or technological works.
EL POPOLA CHINIO,
which means from people’s China,
is a monthly magazine in Esperanto and is read worldwide.
Radio Beijing’s Esperanto program is the most popular program
in Esperanto in the world.
Esperanto’s vocabulary is drawn primarily from Latin,
the Roman’s languages,
English and German.
Spelling is completely regular.
A simple and consistent set of endings indicates grammatical functions of words.
Thus for example,
every noun ends in “o”,
every adjective in “a”,
and the basic form of every verb in “i”.
Esperanto also has a highly productive system
of constructing new words from old ones.
Questions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.
33. What does the speaker tell us about Esperanto?
34. What is said about the international movement to promote the use of Esperanto?
35. What does the speaker say about Esperanto in China?
Section C
Directions: In this section,
you will hear a passage three times.
When the passage is read for the first time,
you should listen carefully for its general idea.
When the passage is read for the second time,
you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43
with the exact words you have just heard.
For blanks numbered from 44 to 46
you are required to fill in the missing information.
For these blanks,
you can either use the exact words you have just heard
or write down the main points in your own words.
Finally, when the passage is read for the third time,
you should check what you have written.
Now listen to the passage.
George Herbert Mead said that humans are talked into humanity.
He meant that we gain personal identity as we communicate with others.
In the earliest years of our lives,
our parents tell us who we are: “You're intelligent.” “You're so strong.”
We first see ourselves through the eyes of others.
So their messages form important foundations of our self-concepts.
Later, we interact with teachers,
friends, romantic partners and co-workers who communicate their views of us.
Thus, how we see ourselves reflects the views of us that others communicate.
The profound connection between identity and communication is dramatically evident
in children who are deprived of human contact.
Case studies of children who are isolated from others reveal that
they lack a firm self-concept,
and their mental and psychological development is
severely hindered by lack of language.
Communication with others not only affects our sense of identity,
but also directly influences our physical and emotional well-being.
Consistently, research shows that communicating with others promotes health,
whereas social isolation is linked to stress,
disease and early death.
People who lack close friends have greater levels of anxiety
and depression than people who are close to others.
A group of researchers reveal scores of studies that
trace the relationship between health and interaction with others.
The conclusion was that social isolation is
statistically as dangerous as high blood pressure,
smoking and obesity.
Many doctors and researchers believe that loneliness harms the immune system,
making us more vulnerable to a range of minor and major illnesses.
Now the passage will be read again.
George Herbert Mead said that humans are talked into humanity.
He meant that we gain personal identity as we communicate with others.
In the earliest years of our lives,
our parents tell us who we are: “You're intelligent.” “You're so strong.”
We first see ourselves through the eyes of others.
So their messages form important foundations of our self-concepts.
Later, we interact with teachers,
friends, romantic partners and co-workers who communicate their views of us.
Thus, how we see ourselves reflects the views of us that others communicate.
The profound connection between identity and communication is dramatically evident
in children who are deprived of human contact.
Case studies of children who are isolated
from others reveal that they lack a firm self-concept,
and their mental and psychological development is severely hindered by lack of language.
Communication with others not only affects our sense of identity,
but also directly influences our physical and emotional well-being.
Consistently, research shows that communicating with others promotes health,
whereas social isolation is linked to stress,
disease and early death.
People who lack close friends have greater levels of anxiety and depression
than people who are close to others.
A group of researchers reveal scores of studies that trace the relationship
between health and interaction with others.
The conclusion was that social isolation is
statistically as dangerous as high blood pressure,
smoking and obesity.
Many doctors and researchers believe that loneliness harms the immune system,
making us more vulnerable to a range of minor and major illnesses.
Now the passage will be read for the third time.
George Herbert Mead said that humans are talked into humanity.
He meant that we gain personal identity as we communicate with others.
In the earliest years of our lives,
our parents tell us who we are: “You're intelligent.” “You're so strong.”
We first see ourselves through the eyes of others.
So their messages form important foundations of our self-concepts.
Later, we interact with teachers,
friends, romantic partners and co-workers who communicate their views of us.
Thus, how we see ourselves reflects the views of us that others communicate.
The profound connection between identity and communication
is dramatically evident in children who are deprived of human contact.
Case studies of children who are isolated from others reveal that
they lack a firm self-concept,
and their mental and psychological development is severely hindered
by lack of language.
Communications with others not only affects our sense of identity,
but also directly influences our physical and emotional well-being.
Consistently, research shows that communicating with others promotes health,
whereas social isolation is linked to stress,
disease and early death.
People who lack close friends
have greater levels of anxiety and depression than people
who are close to others.
A group of researchers reveal scores of studies
that trace the relationship between health and interaction with others.
The conclusion was that social isolation is
statistically as dangerous as high blood pressure,
smoking and obesity.
Many doctors and researchers believe that loneliness harms the immune system,
making us more vulnerable to a range of miner and major illnesses.
This is the end of listening comprehension.
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