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n. 分配，功课，任务，被指定的(课外)作业;(分派的)
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Section B
Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages.
At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions.
Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once.
After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer
from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D).
Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2
with a single line through the centre.
Passage One
Water scooters are water vehicles that look very much like motorcycles.
Nowadays, speedy colorful water scooters are gaining in popularity.
They can travel anywhere a small boat can
and are typically popular with young people.
The rising popularity of the craft has raised
a question of waterscooter regulation. In this case,
the argument for strict regulation is compelling.
Waterscooters are a particularly deadly form of water recreation.
For example, two women were vacationing in Longboat Key.
While they were floating on a rubber boat along the shore,
a water scooter crashed into them and killed them.
Also, water scooter operators have been killed
or seriously injured in collisions with other watercraft.
Others have been stranded at sea
when their scooters either failed or sank far from shore.
Many water scooter operators are inexperienced
and ignorant of navigational rules,
which increases the potential for accidents.
The increasing popularity of the scooter has aggravated the problem,
providing more water vehicles to compete for the same space.
Crowded water ways are simply an open invitation to disaster.
In addition to the inherent operational hazards of water scooters,
they are proving to be an environmental nuisance.
Beach residents complain of the noise of the scooters.
The Pacific Whale Foundation on the west coast expressed concern
that the scooters are frightening away an endangered species of whale
that migrates to Hawaii for breeding. Regulations,
such as minimum operating age, restricted operating areas
and compulsory classes in water safety, are essential.
Without such regulations, tragedies involving water scooters
are sure to multiply, which makes many beaches unsafe for recreation.
Questions 26 to 29 are based on the passage you have just heard.
26. What does the speaker say about water scooters ?
27. What is mentioned as one of the causes of water accidents?
28. In what way are water scooters said to be an environmental nuisance?
29. What does the speaker propose to ensure
the safety of beaches for recreation?
Passage Two
It seems to me that neighbors are going out of style in America.
The friend next door from whom you borrowed four eggs
or a ladder has moved and the people in there now are strangers.
Some of the traditional stories of neighborliness
are impractical or silly, and it may be just as well
that our relations with our neighbors are changing.
The saying in the Bible "Love Thy Neighbor" was probably
a poor translation of what must have originally been
"Respect Thy Neighbor". Love can't be called up on order.
Fewer than half the people in the United States
live in the same house they lived in five years ago,
so there's no reason to love the people who live next door to you,
just because they happened to wander into a real estate office
that listed the place next door to yours.
The only thing neighbors have in common, to begin with,
is proximity, and unless something more develops,
that isn't reason enough to be best friends.
It sometimes happens naturally, but the chances are very small
that your neighbors will be your choice as friends,
or that you will be theirs, either.
The best relationship with neighbors is one of friendly distance.
You say hello, you small-talk if you see them in the yard,
you discuss problems as they arise and you help each other
in an emergency. The driveway or the fence between you
is not really a cold shoulder, but a clear boundary.
We all like clearly defined boundaries for ourselves.
Questions 30 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.
30. What does the speaker say about the relations
among neighbors nowadays?
31. Why does the speaker say it may be difficult
for people to love their neighbors?
32. What should neighbors do in the speaker's opinion?
Passage Three
Articles in magazines and newspapers and special reports on radio
and television reflect the concern of many Americans
about the increasing dropout rate in our junior and senior high schools.
Coupled with this fact is the warning that soon we will no longer
have a workforce to fill the many jobs
that require properly educated personnel.
The high student dropout rate is not a recent development.
Ten years ago, many urban schools were reporting dropout rates
between 35 and 50 percent. Some administrators maintain
that dropouts remain the single greatest problem in their schools.
Consequently, much effort has been spent on identifying students
with problems in order to give them more attention
before they become failures. Since the dropout problem
doesn't start in senior high school,
special programs in junior high school focus on students
who show promise but have a record of truancy, that is,
staying away from school without permission.
Under the guidance of counselors, these students are placed
in classes with teachers who have had success
in working with similar young people.
Strategies to motivate students in high school include
rewarding academic excellence by designating scholars of the month,
or by issuing articles of clothing, such as school letter jackets
formally given only to athletes. No one working with these students
claims to know how to keep all students in school. Counselors,
teachers and administrators are in the frontlines
of what seems at times to be a losing battle.
Actually, this problem should be everyone's concern,
since uneducated, unemployed citizens affect us all.
Questions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.
33. Why are many Americans concerned with the increasing
dropout rate in school?
34. What do we learn about the student dropout problem in America?
35. What is mentioned as one of the strategies
used to motivate students?
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