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adv. 些微地，苗条地
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[11:56.35]Section B
[11:57.66]Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages.
[12:02.37]At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions.
[12:05.97]Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once.
[12:10.13]After you hear a question,
[12:12.10]you must choose the best answer from the four choices
[12:15.71]marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter
[12:21.51]on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
[12:25.56]Passage One
[12:28.95]Edgar Allen Poe, an American writer, was born in 1809.
[12:33.87]His parents were actors. Edgar was a baby
[12:37.59]when his father left the family. He was two years old
[12:42.19]when his mother died. He was taken into the home of
[12:45.14]a wealthy businessman named John Allen.
[12:48.53]He then received his new name, Edgar Allen Poe.
[12:53.24]As a young man, Poe attended the University of Virginia.
[12:57.29]He was a good student, but he liked to drink alcohol
[13:01.77]and play card games for money. As an unskilled game player,
[13:05.49]he often lost money.
[13:07.79]Since he couldn’t pay off his gambling debt,
[13:10.63]he left university and began working for magazines.
[13:14.47]He worked hard, yet he was not well paid, or well known.
[13:18.84]At the age of 27, he got married.
[13:21.69]For a time it seemed that Poe would find some happiness,
[13:25.40]but his wife was sick for most of their marriage,
[13:29.12]and died in 1847. Through all his crises,
[13:33.94]Poe produced many stories and poems
[13:36.67]which appeared in different publications,
[13:39.08]yet he didn’t become famous until 1845,
[13:43.02]when his poem, The Raven, was published.
[13:46.41]There is a question, however,
[13:48.70]about Poe’s importance in American Literature.
[13:51.22]Some critics say Poe was one of America’s best writers,
[13:55.71]and even had a great influence on many French writers,
[13:59.10]but others disagree. They say Poe’s work
[14:02.49]is difficult to understand and most of his writing
[14:06.65]describes many unpleasant situations and events.
[14:10.37]Edgar Allen Poe died in 1849 when he was 40 years old.
[14:15.84]It is said that he was found dead after days of heavy drinking.
[14:20.54]Questions 26 to 29 are based on the passage you have just heard.
[14:26.01]26. What happened to Edgar Allen Poe’s family, when he was only two years old?
[14:48.89]27. Why did Edgar Allen Poe leave the University of Virginia?
[15:08.81]28. What do some critics say about Edgar Allen Poe?
[15:29.64]29. How did Edgar Allen Poe’s life come to an end?
[15:49.60]Passage Two
[15:50.81]More than fifty years ago,
[15:52.89]the United Nations declared that literacy is a basic human right.
[15:57.04]It’s very important for improving the lives of individuals,
[16:01.31]however, it is estimated that 880 million adults
[16:05.58]around the world are illiterate, that is,
[16:08.32]they are unable to read or write. A majority of them are women.
[16:13.56]More than 110 million school age children in the world
[16:17.72]do not attend school. Many others complete school or fail to
[16:23.19]finish their studies without learning to read or write.
[16:26.26]Many countries depend on the efforts of people
[16:29.65]who offer their time to help illiterate individuals.
[16:32.60]For example, John Mogger became concerned about
[16:36.21]the problem of illiteracy three years ago,
[16:39.16]so he started teaching five prisoners in Brazil.
[16:42.89]In his teaching, he developed a system with this group of prisoners.
[16:47.27]He says his way of teaching can help anyone learn
[16:51.09]how to read and write with about thirty hours of study.
[16:54.81]To learn his system, people must first know
[16:57.98]how to write letters of the alphabet
[17:00.61]and learn which sounds they represent.
[17:03.35]The system divides letters into three groups.
[17:06.52]The first group of letters can be written between two lines.
[17:10.67]The second can be written between two lines
[17:13.95]but part of the letters is above the top line.
[17:16.80]The third group has letters that are partly written
[17:20.74]below the lower line. John Mogger taught his students to
[17:24.35]write simple words from the letters, in this way,
[17:26.76]his students learned more than 700 words.
[17:30.59]Many of them can now write to family members.
[17:33.76]They also can read newspapers and magazines.
[17:37.59]Questions 30 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.
[17:43.82]30. According to the speaker, which group of people
[17:49.16]makes up of the majority of the illiterate population?
[18:07.26]31. What is the most important feature of John Mogger’s method
[18:12.52]of teaching the alphabet?
[18:29.19]32. What does John Mogger say about his teaching method?
[18:48.61]Passage Three
[18:50.84]Farmers usually use ploughs to prepare their fields for
[18:55.21]planting crops. Plows cut into the ground,
[18:59.26]and lift up weeds and other unwanted plants.
[19:02.54]However, plowing is blamed for causing severe damage to
[19:07.58]topsoil by removing the plants that protect soil
[19:10.97]from being blown or washed away.
[19:13.70]Many farmers in South Asia are now trying a process
[19:18.89]called Low Till Farming. Low Till Farming limits the use of ploughs.
[19:24.03]In this method of farming seeds and fertilizer are
[19:28.19]put into the soil through a small cut made
[19:30.92]in the surface of the ground. Low Till Agriculture
[19:34.32]leaves much or all of the soil and remains of plants on the ground.
[19:38.80]They serve as a natural fertilizer
[19:41.87]and help support the roots of future crops.
[19:44.82]They take in rain and allow it to flow into
[19:47.77]the soil instead of running off. It has been proved that
[19:51.39]Low Till Farming increases harvests and reduces water use,
[19:56.63]and this method reduces the need for chemical products
[19:59.81]because there are fewer unwanted plants.
[20:03.20]Scientists say Low Till Farming is becoming popular in South Asia,
[20:09.00]which is facing a severe water shortage.
[20:11.74]They say the area will become dependent on
[20:14.69]imported food unless water is saved through methods
[20:17.97]like Low Till Farming. Currently,
[20:21.14]more than 150 million people in South Asia depend on
[20:25.52]local rice and wheat crops. Farmers grow rice during wet weather.
[20:30.33]During the dry season they grow wheat in the same fields.
[20:34.27]Farmers are using the Low Till method to plant wheat
[20:38.21]after harvesting rice. Scientists say Low Till Agriculture
[20:42.69]is one of the best examples in the world of technologies
[20:45.87]working for both people, and the environment.
[20:49.15]Questions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.
[20:55.16]33. What is the main problem caused by the usual way of plowing?
[21:16.30]34. What does the speaker say about Low Till Farming?
[21:35.50]35. Where is Low Till Farming becoming popular?
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