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Lesson 20
第二十课
acquaint
vt.（with）使了解
The Internet and newspapers acquaint us with recent happenings around the world.
互联网和报纸使我们能及时了解天下之事。
advantage
n. 优点；好处
Every advantage has its disadvantage.
有利必有弊。
certificate
n. 证书，执照
These three certificates establish a claim against you for quality discrepancy.
这三份证明书证实质量不符，所以我们向贵公司提出索赔。
civil
a. 公民的，国内的；民用的；民事的；文明的
Until now, Gone with the Wind, a film about the American Civil War, has still been regarded as the best Hollywood make.
直到现在，《乱世佳人》（《飘》）这部关于美国内战的影片仍被认为是好莱坞的扛鼎之作。
conflict
n. 冲突；战争 vi. 冲突
Do American immigration laws conflict with any international laws?
美国的移民法与国际法有抵触吗？
counter
n. 柜台；筹码；计数器 vt. 反驳 ad. 反方向地
I countered her arguments by pointing out the advantages of my plan.
我指出自己所做计划的优点以反驳她的论点。
detective
n. 侦探
Edgar Allan Poe's The Murders in the Rue Morgue is considered the world's first real detective story.
埃德加?爱伦?坡的小说《莫格街谋杀案》被认为是世界上第一本真正的侦探小说。
dismiss
vt. 不再考虑；解雇；解散；驳回
Bryant claims he was unfairly dismissed from his post.
布赖恩特声称自己被无理免职。
evident
a. 明显的
We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal. (Thomas Jefferson)
我们认为这些真理不证自明--人皆生而平等。（托马斯?杰斐逊）
filter
n. 滤器 v. 过滤；（消息等）走漏
All drinking water must be filtered.
饮用水都必须过滤净化。
govern
vt. 统治；支配
Britain has a queen, but it is the prime minister and the cabinet who govern.
英国有女王，但执政的是首相和内阁。
inhabitant
n. 居民
American Indians were the earliest inhabitants of America.
美洲印第安人是美洲最早的居民。
lodge
vi. 借宿 vt. 供…以临时住宿 n. 乡间小屋
The travelers lodged in motels every night.
这些旅行者每晚都借宿汽车旅馆。
intermediate
a. 中间的；中级的
The pupa is at an intermediate stage of development; it is intermediate between the egg and the adult butterfly.
蛹是蝴蝶发育的中间阶段，介于卵和成虫之间。
jealous
a. 妒忌的；精心守护的
Some girls easily get jealous of other girls' beauty.
有些女孩容易妒忌其他女孩的美貌。
loose
a. 松的；不精确的；自由的
The older you become, the looser your skin will be.
年纪越大，皮肤就会越松弛。
loosen
v. 解开；松弛
You should loosen up (your muscles) before and after doing physical exercises.
运动前后，应该放松一下（肌肉）。
necessity
n. 必需品；必要（性）
Those refugees lack money even for basic food and water-the necessities of life.
那些难民没钱买起码的食品和水等生活的必需品。
objection
n. 反对；反对的理由
"What do you think of my proposal?" "I don't have any objection to it."
"你觉得我的建议怎么样？""我没异议。"
preface
n. 序言
The characteristics of this book are mentioned on the cover and in the preface.
本书的特色在封面和前言都有提及。
proportion
n. 比例；部分；均衡
The proportion of boys to girls is usually about four to one in science and engineering colleges.
理工大学的男女生比例通常是4：1。
render
vt. 使得；给予；翻译
Fatness renders a person clumsy.
身体肥胖使人笨拙。
representative
n. 代表 a.（of）有代表性的
In Britain, representatives in the House of Commons are elected by the British people.
在英国，下议院代表是英国人民选出的。
somehow
ad. 用某种方法；不知怎么地
Maybe we could glue it together somehow or other.
说不定我们会有办法把它给粘起来。
somewhat
ad. 稍微，有点
It is somewhat difficult to answer this question.
要回答这个问题有点困难。
specify
vt. 明确说明
It is against federal law in the U.S. to specify skin colour in a newspaper ad for roommates.
在美国，在报纸广告上具体指明合租者必须是某种肤色是违反联邦法律的。
strategy
n. 战略，策略
Mao Zedong was a great strategist skilled in military strategy.
毛泽东是一位善于制定军事策略的伟大的军事战略家。
typical
a. 典型的
The architecture of the Chinese imperial garden Yuanming yuan has a typical baroque style--highly ornate and extravagant.
中国帝王御花园圆明园的建筑风格是典型的巴洛克风格--装饰极其奢华。
vice
n. 缺点；邪恶，恶行
Greed, jealousy, dishonesty and lewdness are considered to be vices;and of all vices, lewdness is the worst.
贪婪、嫉妒、欺诈和淫欲被视为恶行，而万恶淫为首。
appetite
n. 胃口；欲望
A good appetite is a good sauce.
（谚）饥不择食。（好胃口是好的调味汁。）
clarify
vt. 阐明
The government has time and again clarified its position on equal pay for women.
政府已经反复阐明其对男女同工同酬的立场。
confidence
n. 信任；信心
Most Chinese students lack self-confidence when speaking English.
大多数中国学生在说英语时缺乏自信心。
criticize
vt. 批评；评论
He always ignores his faults and criticizes others.
他总是严以律人，宽以待己。
criticism
n. 批评；评论
The film Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon still met with sharp domestic criticism although it had won several international prizes.
尽管电影《卧虎藏龙》获得了一些国际奖项，但仍受到国内尖锐的批评。
consequence
n. 结果；重要（性）
If you don't pay your bills you'll have to take the consequences.
你如果不把账给付了，就得承担一切后果。
distinguish
vt. 区分；看清；（oneself）使杰出
A common person usually can't distinguish a genuine antique from a fake one.
常人一般不会区分真古董和赝品。
extinguish
vt. 熄灭；使消亡
His fire of life was extinguished bit by bit by the onset of the lovesickness.
他的生命之火在相思病的摧残下一点一点地暗淡下去。
flock
n. 羊群，一群；大量 vi. 群集
Birds of a feather flock together.
（谚）物以类聚，人以群分。
fragment
n. 碎片 v.（使）成碎片
A kaleidoscope is a tube-shaped optical instrument rotated to produce symmetrical designs by means of mirrors reflecting the constantly changing patterns made by fragments of colored glass at one end of the tube.
万花筒是一种管状光学仪器，经旋转产生对称图案，这是通过管一端的有色玻璃碎片经镜子的反射而形成的不断变化的图形。
herd
n. 牧群 vt. 使集中在一起
Dogs are often trained to herd sheep.
狗常被训练来放羊。
imitate
vt. 模仿；仿造
Some of the younger pop bands try to imitate their musical heroes from the past (for example, the Chinese pop bands the Panther and the Tang Dynasty).
一些新生代流行乐队试图模仿过去的乐坛英雄（如中国的流行乐队"黑豹"和"唐朝"）。
motive
n. 动机，目的
The need for money is the motive that drives so many people to work so hard./ Many people's motive for working so hard is their need for money.
许多人这么卖命干活的目的在于他们需要钱。
prejudice
n. 偏见 vt. 使有偏见；损害
A judge must be free from prejudice.
法官不应带有偏见。
prime
a. 首要的；最好的 n. 青春；全盛时期 vt. 使准备好
Spring is the prime time for planting trees.
春天是植树的最好时间。
resemble
vt. 像，类似于
The ancients thought that gold resembled the sun, so they represented this chemical element with a solar symbol.
古代人认为黄金与太阳相像，所以他们用太阳符号来代表这种化学元素。
resolution
n. 决议；决心；解决；分辨率
The United Nations passed a resolution to increase aid to the Third World.
联合国通过决议增加对第三世界国家的援助。
squeeze
vt. 挤，挤出；压榨；捏，握 vi. 挤 n. 挤；握（手）；拮据
No matter how busy parents are, they should squeeze some time to stay with their children.
无论父母多忙，都应该挤出点时间陪陪孩子。
stake
n. 桩；利害关系；赌注 vt. 以…打赌，拿…冒险
Firemen must act quickly because lives are at stake.
消防员必须行动迅速，因为生死攸关。
stale
a. 不新鲜的；陈腐的
Running water never gets stale.
流水不腐。
static
a. 静的；停滞的 n. 静电；（-s）静力学
Civilization does not remain static, but changes constantly.
文明不是静止的，而是不断变化的。
surrender
vi. 投降；（to）屈服（于） vt. 放弃 n. 投降
No surrender to the fascists!
决不向法西斯分子投降！
suspect
vt. 推测；对…表示怀疑 n. 可疑分子 a. 可疑的
If you suspect a man, don't employ him.
疑人不用。
suspend
vt. 暂停；悬，吊
He was suspended from playing football for a year after calling the referee names.
在辱骂裁判后，他被禁赛一年。
vibrate
v.（使）振动，（使）摇摆
The whole station seemed to vibrate as the express train rushed through.
当高速列车疾驰而过时，整个车站都仿佛在震动。
authority
n. 权力；（pl.）官方；当权者；权威
The police have the authority to arrest lawbreakers.
警察有权逮捕犯法的人。
commerce
n. 商业
In consequence of the economic crisis in 1997, many southeast Asian countries' commerce paralyzed.
1997年的经济危机使许多东南亚国家商贸瘫痪。
commercial
a. 商业的；商品化的 n. 商业广告
In a commercial society, people often feel lonely and helpless.
在商品化社会，人们常常感到孤单无助。
communication
n. 交流；（pl.）通信工具
English remains the most commonly used in international communication, both in person and via the Internet.
无论是在现实生活中还是在互联网上，国际交流中英语使用得最为普遍。
community
n. 社区；团体；群落
To host the Olympic Games, Beijing needs to expand its English-speaking community.
为承办奥运，北京需要扩大说英语的社会群体。
component
n. 成分 a. 组成的
Vitamin C is the major component of many fruits and vegetables.
维生素C是很多水果和蔬菜中主要的成分。
concrete
a. 具体的 n. 混凝土
Have you any concrete suggestions as to how to deal with difficulties of the fast-increasing population and the insufficient food supply?
你有什么具体的建议来应对人口增长过快和粮食供应紧张的难题吗？
conference
n. 会议；商谈
The UN Human Rights Conference should be a place where the common problems of mankind are discussed and the cause of human rights is advanced.
联合国人权会议应该是一个讨论人类共同面临的问题、促进人权事业发展的场所。
correspondence
n. 信件；通信；符合
The book was compiled from the correspondence between Xu Zhimo and Lu Xiaoman.
这本书是由徐志摩和陆小曼的书信汇编而成的。
dynamic
a. 有活力的；不断变化（或增长）的；动力的
If you are young, attractive and dynamic, you don't need to worry about finding a date.
如果你年轻、动人，并且活力四射，就不必担心找不到人约会。
heroic
a. 英雄的，英勇的
The movie Kungfu Hustle has an exciting ending. Stephen Chow was portrayed as a nobody with heroic deeds.
电影《功夫》结局精彩，周星驰被描述成一个有英勇行为的小人物。
exert
vt. 尽（力）；运用
For college students, to do a part-time job will exert a profound influence on their personality and life.
做兼职对大学生的个性培养和今后生活都具有深远的影响。
grand
a. 宏伟的；重大的；傲慢的；绝佳的；总的
We had a grand view of a sea of clouds when we climbed to the top of the Yellow Mountain.
我们爬上黄山之巅时，看到了云海的壮观景象。
helpful
a. 有益的；给予帮助的
The message is very helpful to me.
这条消息对我的帮助很大。
mutual
a. 相互的；共同的
Mutual forgiveness of each vice, such are the gates of Paradise.
相互宽容对方的缺点，乃是通向天堂之门。
occasion
n. 时刻，场合；时机；起因 vt. 引起
I can't recall the occasion,but I've met him before.
我以前碰到过他，但记不起在哪个场合。
occasional
a. 偶尔的
Do you pay occasional visits to your friends and relatives?
你会偶尔探访一下亲友吗？
plentiful
a. 充足的
There are plentiful watermelons in the summer.
夏季有大量的西瓜上市。
portion
n. 一部分，一份 vt.（out）分配
A large portion of the company's profit goes straight back into new projects.
公司的大部分利润直接投入到新的项目中。
qualify
v.（使）胜任，（使）具有资格
respond
vi. 回答；（to）做出反应
He responded to my suggestion with a nod.
他点头回应我的建议。
retreat
vi./n. 退却，撤退 n. 隐退处
The soldiers had to retreat when they were beaten in battle.
士兵们在战争中受挫不得不撤退。
sake
n. 缘故
Never do wrong for the sake of money.
绝不要为金钱而做坏事。
scope
n. 范围；余地
The students should try to widen their scope of knowledge.
学生们应设法扩大自己的知识面。
sway
vi. 摇摆 vt. 使动摇 n. 摇摆；起支配作用的影响
Don't sway from what you have decided.
决定了就不要再摇摆不定。
synthetic
a. 合成的，人造的；虚假的
A goal of the scientists is to make synthetic genes and then reassemble them to design new species.
科学家的目标是合成基因后将其重组以产生新的物种。
