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Lesson 18
第十八课
absolute
a. 绝对的；不受任何限制的
There is no absolute standard for beauty.
美是没有绝对标准的。
balance
n. 平衡；秤；结存 vt. 使平衡；称；权衡
Don't be excited; keep your balance.
不要激动，保持镇定。
contract
n. 合同 v. 缩小；订合同；感染
Different contracts were available for the variety of jobs offered in this year's Shanghai human resource market.
今年的上海人力资源市场提供各种工作合同。
compact
a. 紧凑的；紧密的 vt. 把…压实n. 合同
The dormitory rooms are very compact, with a desk, bed, and closet built in.
宿舍房间小巧紧凑，有一张书桌、床和嵌入式衣柜。
data
n. 数据，资料
The actual HIV incidence in that country is at least eight times higher than the official data.
那个国家感染艾滋病病毒的实际人数至少是官方数据的8倍。
dip
vt. 浸，蘸 vi. 落下 n. 浸，蘸
A piece of iron dipped in liquid air becomes so brittle that it will shatter if dropped.
铁块浸在液态空气中变得如此脆，以致落地就会变成碎片。
durable
a. 耐用的，持久的
The parts of the machine that experience a lot of friction have to be made from durable materials.
机器里要承受很多磨损的部分得由耐用材料制成。
equip
vt. 装备；使有准备
Buses equipped with air-conditioners charge you more.
装有空调设备的公共汽车收费要贵些。
fancy
vt. 喜欢；想象 n. 爱好；想象力 a. 昂贵的；别致的
Is it fact or fancy?
这是事实还是幻想？
illusion
n. 幻想；错觉
The girl is always under the illusion that a Prince Charming will sweep her away on a white horse.
这姑娘成天幻想着有朝一日她心目中的白马王子会将她带走。
glorious
a. 光荣的；壮丽的；令人愉快的
This was yet another glorious victory for Manchester United.
这是曼联（足球）队的又一光荣的胜利。
hint
n. 暗示；（常pl.）建议 v. 暗示
There was a hint of anger in his voice.
他的声音中流露出一丝恼怒。
improvement
n. 改进；改进处
On my term papers, teachers always used to write"room for improvement".
在我的学期论文里，老师总是批道："尚需改进"。
installation
n. 装置；安装；就任
Installation of the new system will take several days.
新系统的安装需要几天时间。
invade
v. 侵入，侵略
Famous people often find their privacy invaded by the press.
名人常常发现他们的隐私被新闻界侵犯。
keen
a.（on）热心的；敏锐的；激烈的；锋利的
Many parents are keen to send their children to the best schools.
许多父母亲热衷于把他们的孩子送往最好的学校。
memorial
a. 纪念的 n. 纪念碑
The Sun Yat-sen Memorial (Hall) was built in memory of the great revolutionary forerunner Dr. Sun Yat-sen on the funds raised and contributed by Cantonese and overseas Chinese.
中山纪念堂是广东人民和海外华侨为纪念伟大的革命先行者孙中山先生而筹资兴建的。
nationality
n. 国籍，民族
I am of (=I have) Chinese nationality. What's your nationality?
我是中国籍。你是哪国人？
pinch
v. 捏；夹痛 n. 捏，掐；（一）撮，微量
These shoes are too tight; they pinch (my toes).
这鞋子太紧，它们夹痛了我的脚。
pressure
n. 压（力）；强制 vt. 对…施加压力，说服
Not all students work well under pressure.
不是所有学生都能在压力之下很好地学习。
quote
v. 引用 n. 引文；报价；（pl.）引号
If you quote someone else's words in your writing, you should indicate the source.
如果写作时引用了他人的话，应当注明出处。
rational
a. 理性的；合理的
From a rational point of view of most Hong Kong people, the increase in subway fares may not be justified.
多数港人持理性态度，认为地铁票价上调不大合理。
territory
n. 领土；领域
The Taiwan Island is part of our territory.
台湾岛是我国领土的一部分。
reject
vt. 拒绝；拒纳 n. 被拒货品
Some people who have strong self-respect often reject others' offers for help.
有些自尊心强的人经常拒绝别人提供的帮助。
seal
n. 封条；图章；海豹 vt.（密）封
My lips are sealed.
我一定会守口如瓶。
spur
n. 刺激（物），激励 vt. 促进
Rising consumer sales in the first half of the year spurred the economy to faster growth.
上半年销售额的增长使经济更快发展。
urban
a. 城市的
Traffic noise, pollution, huge concrete buildings--how can people survive in the urban jungle?
交通噪音，污染，巨大的混凝土建筑--人们怎么能在城市的丛林里生存？
worship
vt./n. 崇拜；敬奉
In Argentina, Maradona is a hero worshipped by young children.
在阿根廷，马拉多纳被小孩子当作英雄来崇拜。
abstract
a. 抽象的 n. 摘要 vt. 做…的摘要；提取
Your idea is too abstract to understand.
你的想法太抽象了，令人难以理解。
assure
vt. 使确信；确保
Nothing can assure permanent happiness.
没有什么东西能确保永久的幸福。
campaign
n. 运动；战役 vi. 参加竞选
Can you guess who would laugh last in the presidential election campaign?
你能猜测出谁会最后赢得总统大选吗？
ceremony
n. 典礼；礼节
An elaborate marriage ceremony wastes both energy and money.
铺张的婚礼仪式真是劳民伤财。
civilize
vt. 使文明
The African countries hoped to civilize all primitive tribes.
非洲国家希望把非洲所有的原始部落都变成文明社会。
civilization
n. 文明，文化
It is generally accepted that the Chinese ancient civilization is one of the oldest in the world.
普遍认为中国古代文明是世界上最古老的文明之一。
discourage
vt. 使泄气；阻止
Don't let one failure discourage you.(Don't be discouraged by just one failure.)
不要因为一次失败就气馁。
democratic
a. 民主的，有民主精神的
The Democratic Party is one of the two main political parties in the United States (Obama is one member).
民主党是美国两大政党之一（奥巴马就是其中一员）。
embrace
vt. 拥抱；包括；包围 n. 拥抱
In the past, Chinese lovers were too reserved to embrace or kiss each other in public. But it is not the case now.
过去中国的情侣太过含蓄而不会当众拥抱或亲吻，但是现在不同了。
exterior
n. 外部，外表 a. 外部的
Quasimodo has a tough exterior(=Quasimodo is tough on the exterior), but he is actually very kind.
加西莫多（小说《巴黎圣母院》中人物）外表凶恶，但心地非常善良。
fatigue
n./v. 疲劳
The hustle and bustle of city life fatigues many people.
奔波的城市生活使很多人精疲力竭。
forge
vt. 伪造；锻造
Some people try to get forged diplomas in order to find a good job. They are only deceiving themselves by such an act.
有些人为了找份好工作而设法获取各种伪造文凭。他们这样做只是自欺欺人。
guarantee
vt. 保证 n. 保证（书）
Every new television should have a guarantee with it.
每台新电视机都应该有保修单。
insure
vt. 给…保险；保证
Carefulness insures you against errors.
谨慎细致可使你避免发生差错。
handy
a. 方便的；手边的；手巧的
The manual of college English vocabulary is a handy reference book.
这本大学英语词汇手册是一本使用简易方便的参考书。
independent
a. 独立的；无偏见的；不相关连的
Now most Chinese women in urban areas go to work and are financially independent after marriage.
现在大多数在城市的中国妇女婚后仍然参加工作并保持经济上的独立。
innocent
a.（of）无罪的；没有恶意的；天真的
She has such an innocent face that I find it hard to think that she can do any harm.
她长着一张天真无邪的脸，我很难相信她会做坏事。
invest
vt. 投资；投入；授予 vi.（in）投资
Low interest rate in the bank encourages citizens to invest in the stock market.
银行利率低促使市民向股市投资。
justify
vt. 证明…正当，为…辩护
The pursuit of good ends does not justify the employment of bad means.
追求正当的目的并不能为使用不正当的手段辩护。
mission
n. 使命；代表团
This time, James Bond's mission is to save three hostages kidnapped by some terrorists.
这次，詹姆士?邦德（007）的使命是去解救3个被恐怖分子绑架的人质。
outline
n. 提纲；外形 vt. 概述；描…外形
Some writers prefer to outline (=give an outline of) the setting first and then flesh out the plot and characters.
一些作家喜欢先写出背景概要，再润色情节和人物。
parallel
n. 相似处；平行线；纬线 a. 平行的；类似的；并列的 vt. 与…相似
There are few parallels between the American football and European football.
美式橄榄球和欧洲足球没有什么相似之处。
punch
vt. 猛击；穿孔 n. 猛击；穿孔机；力量
A woman was punched unconscious by two muggers in a street this afternoon. None of the hundreds of on-lookers tried to prevent it or call the police.
一个妇女今天下午在大街上被两个歹徒打得失去知觉。数百个围观者中没有一个试图阻止或报警。
reform
v./n. 改革，改良；改正
Many deputies to the People's Congress have called for a reform of the medical system to stop unnecessary use of expensive medicine.
许多人大代表呼吁医药制度改革以杜绝滥用昂贵药品。
resident
n. 居民；住院医生 a. 居住的；住校的，住院的
It is reported that rats outnumber residents in New York by 9 to 1.
据报道，纽约的老鼠的数量是其居民的9倍。
rub
vt. 摩擦
I rubbed my hands together to warm them.
我搓揉双手让手暖和。
setting
n. 环境，背景；调节
The setting of the Italian film Beautiful Life is a concentration camp in the Second World War.
意大利电影《美丽人生》以二战时的集中营为故事背景。
tendency
n. 趋向
There is a growing tendency in society to regard money more highly than quality of life.
社会上一种越来越流行的趋向是把钱看得比生活质量还重要。
witness
n. 目击者，见证人；证据 vt. 目击；证明
Police have appealed for witnesses to the accident.
警方呼吁这个事故的目击者出来作证。
academic
a. 学院的；学术的；纯理论的 n. 大学教师
A business-management major with a remarkable academic record, he easily got a well-paid and promising job in a big firm.
工商管理专业且学习成绩优异，他轻而易举地在一家大公司找到一份高薪而有前途的工作。
coach
n. 教练；长途公共汽车；旅客车厢 v. 指导
Many NBA basketball players coach after successful playing careers.
许多NBA篮球球员在成功的运动生涯后当了教练。
conclude
v. 推断出；结束；缔结
A tragedy always concludes with the hero's or the heroine's death.
悲剧总是以男主人公或女主人公的死亡而告终。
dissolve
vi. 溶解；消失 vt. 使溶解；解散
Make a glass of black tea, put in two cubes of sugar, keep stirring the tea until the sugar dissolves, add a piece of lemon and some ice cubes, and you get a glass of pleasantly sweet ice tea!
泡一杯红茶，放进两块方糖，不断搅拌茶，直到糖融化，加上一片柠檬和一些冰块，一杯甘甜的冰茶就做成了！
electronic
a. 电子的 n. （-s）电子学；电子设备
I major in electronics and I want to be an electronic engineer.
我是学电子学专业的，想成为一名电子工程师。
entertain
v. 款待；给…娱乐
We hired a magician to entertain the children at the party.
我们雇了一个魔术师在派对上逗孩子们开心。
financial
a. 财政的，金融的
Southeast Asia's financial crisis has taught people a profound lesson.
东南亚的金融危机带给人们深刻的教训。
frequency
n. 频率；频繁
Parkinson's disease occurs with increasing frequency in older people.
帕金森氏病在老人身上发生更为频繁。
gravity
n. 重力；严肃；严重
Enormous energy is needed to launch a spacecraft against (the force of) gravity.
发射飞船需要巨大的能量来摆脱地心引力。
halt
n./v. 停住，暂停
No one can halt the advance of history.
谁也阻挡不了历史的前进。
immigrant
n. 移民
New York has a huge number of immigrants.
纽约有大量的移民。
insult
vt. 侮辱 n. 侮辱
To call a person an idiot is an insult. (You insult a person by calling him an idiot.)
称一个人为白痴是对他人的一种侮辱。
marine
n. 海军陆战队士兵 a. 海（洋）的；海军的；海事的
The oil leak in the Persian Gulf seriously threatened the marine life around the sea.
波斯湾的油泄漏严重威胁了附近海域的海洋生物。
mysterious
a. 神秘的
American actress Marilyn Monroe has been dead for a long time. The cause of her death is still mysterious even to historians.
美国女演员玛丽莲?梦露已死去多年，但她的死因甚至对于史学家也仍是个谜团。
outset
n. 开端
At the outset of his career, he was full of ambition but not anymore.
在事业刚开始时，他踌躇满志，但是现在却没了。
positive
a. 确实的；积极的；正的
A kind teacher always adopts a very positive attitude when correcting students' mistakes.
和善的老师在纠正学生错误时总是采取多肯定成绩的态度。
protection
n. 保护
Our medical insurance offers protection for the whole family in the event of illness.
我们的医疗保险可为任何家庭成员在生病的情况下提供保障。
realm
n. 领域；王国
The light music led us into a realm of peace and pleasure.
轻音乐带领我们进入一个安宁愉悦的王国。
register
n. 登记；登记表 v. 登记；指示；表示；注意到；把（邮件）挂号
Foreign visitors must register with the state officials upon entering the country.
外国旅客一入国境就必须向国家官员办理登记。
rouse
vt. 唤起，唤醒
An English teacher should try all means to rouse students' interests in English learning.
一个英语老师应当千方百计唤起学生对英语学习的兴趣。
scenery
n. 景色；舞台布景
Last summer holiday, I went to Qing Hai and was amazed at the beautiful scenery of the mountains and lakes.
去年暑期，我去了青海，并为其山川湖泊所呈现的美景而惊讶。
senior
a. 资格较老的；年长的 n. 较年长者；毕业班学生
There are a few seats on buses reserved for senior citizens and the pregnant.
公共汽车上设有一些老人和孕妇的专座。
tone
n. 语气；音调；风格；色调 vt.（up）增强
The same thing said in a different tone will convey a different message.
同样的话用不同的语调说出来会传达出不同的信息。
