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Passage One
段落一
While Gail Obcamp, an American artist, was giving a speech on the art of Japanese brush painting to an audience that included visitors from Japan, she was confused to see that many of her Japanese listeners had their eyes closed.
一位美国艺术家，盖尔·奥卡姆举行关于日本水墨画的演讲，观众包括从日本来的游客。但她困惑的是许多日本听众都闭着眼睛。
Were they tuned off because an American had the nerve to instruct Japanese in their own art form, or they deliberately tried to signal their rejection of her?
他们闭眼是因为一个美国人竟敢介绍日本的艺术形式，还是他们故意做出拒绝她的样子？
Obcamp later found out that her listeners were not being disrespectful.
奥卡姆后来才发现，她的听众并不是不礼貌的人。
Japanese listeners sometimes closed their eyes to enhance concentration. Her listeners were showing their respect for her by chewing on her words.
有时日本听众闭着眼睛是为了增加专注度。她的听众通过反复琢磨她的话表示对她的尊敬。
Some day you may be either a speaker or a listener in a situation involving people from other countries or members of a minority group in North America.
有一天你可能是面对其他国家的人或北美少数群体成员的演讲者或听众。
Learning how different cultures signal respect can help you avoid misunderstandings. Here are some examples.
学习不同文化的信号可以帮助你避免误解。这里有一些例子。
In the deaf culture of North America, many listeners show applause not by clapping their hands but by waving them in the air.
在北美的失聪文化里，许多听众不是通过拍手鼓掌而是在空中挥舞双手。
In some cultures, both overseas and in some minority groups in North America, listeners are considered disrespectful if they look directly at the speaker.
在一些文化中，包括海外和北美少数群体，如果听众直视讲话者是失礼的行为。
Respect is shown by looking in the general direction but avoiding direct eye contact.
向着大概的方向看是表示尊敬，但要避免直接的眼神接触。
In some countries, whistling by listeners is a sign of approval while in other courtiers it is a form of insult.
在一些国家，吹口哨是赞许的意思，而其他国家这是一种侮辱。
Questions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.
基于你听到的回答问题26至28。
Question 26. What did Obcamp's speech focus on?
问题26. 奥卡姆演讲的重点是什么？
Question 27. Why do Japanese listeners sometimes close their eyes while listening to a speech?
问题27. 为什么日本听众有时会闭上眼睛听演讲？
Question 28. What does the speaker try to explain?
问题28. 演讲者试图解释什么？
