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v. 探险，探测，探究
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Section B
Passage One
There have been many great inventions, things that change the way we live. The first great invention was one that is still very important today-the wheel. This made it easier to carry heavy things and to travel long distances.
For hundreds of years after that there were few inventions that had as much effect as the wheel. Then in the early 1800s the world started to change. There was little unknown land left in the world. People did not have to explore much any more. They began to work instead to make life better.
In the second half of the 19th century many great inventions were made. Among them were the camera, the electric light and the radio. These all became a big part of our life today.
The middle part of the 20th century brought new ways to help get over diseases. They worked very well. They made people healthier and let them live longer lives. By the 1960s most people could expect to live to be at least 60.
By this time most people had a very good life. Of course new inventions continued to be made. But man now had a desire to explore again. The world was known to man, but the stars were not. Man began looking for ways to go into space. Russia made the first step. Then the United States took a step. Since then other countries, including China and Japan, have made their steps into space.
Questions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.
26. When did people stop exploring a lot?
27. Which was an important invention in the 19th century?
28. What made people healthier and let them live longer lives in the middle part of the 20th century?
Passage Two
We know that we have to pay for what we get. If we buy food, we know there will be a bill to pay. These are private bills. But there are also public bills that must be paid. Public bills are paid by the government. In turn, we get these services through taxes. What would happen if everyone in the city stopped paying taxes? The water supply would stop; water might become unclean and impure. The streets might not be cleaned. There would be no police force to protect people and property. Schools would be closed. People would become sick and diseases might spread. We
should not want to live in such a city. We all want pure water and food, clean streets and good schools. We want the police to prevent crime. The chief duty for every government is to protect persons and property. More than three quarters of the money spent by our government is used for this purpose. The next largest amount of public money goes to teach and train our citizens. Billions of dollars each year are spent on schools and libraries. Public money is used to pay the teachers and all the public officials. A large number of public funds are also spent on roads.
The greatest part of necessary funds is raised by taxes. A tax is money that we all must pay to support the government. The law orders us to pay taxes. We have no choice in the matter. Almost everyone pays some taxes in one form or another.
Questions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard~
29. How does the government pay for public bills?
30. According to the speaker, what would NOT happen if nobody in the city paid taxes?
3 I. Which of the following costs the largest amount of public money according to the speaker?
Passage Three
Last summer, I took my first flight from London to New York. I boarded the plane at Crayon Airfield and, from that moment on, my life was arranged for me on the trip. First, I was directed to my seat by the stewardess, and then when the plane was ready to take off, the other passengers and I were told to fasten our seat belts. A few minutes after take-off, magazines and newspapers were passed out. Because my ears hurt, I was given some gum to chew. Next, we were given instructions on what to do in case of an emergency. We were given earphones to listen to music and told that a movie would be shown after dinner. Before dinner, we were asked if we wanted a cocktail. Dinner was served on a tray, and it was attractive and delicious. We were permitted to have a refill on any beverage. After the dinner, we were shown a new Hollywood movie. When I felt cold, I was given a blanket, when I felt airsick the stewardess gave me a paper bag. Everything was done for the comfort of the passengers. When the plane landed, I was almost sorry to get off and have to start doing things for myself again.
Questions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.
32. Where is Crayon Airfield?
33. What were distributed a few minutes after take-off?.
34. What was not provided on an airplane?
35. Who gave the author a paper bag?
Section C
Ludwig van Beethoven was one of the greatest (36)composers who ever lived. He thought that people could be free when they wrote music. Before his time, music was composed for a special (37)purpose. Often it was church music. Or, music was written to (38)entertain at parties and concerts.
Beethoven was born in Germany in 1770. He was a very musical child. The boy learned to play the (39)violin and piano, but he was not happy at home. His mother died when he was in his teens. After that, his father was often dnmk and (40)bad-tempered. Beethoven became a (41)tutor in a rich family. His student’s mother was very kind to the young teacher. She helped him meet many famous (42)musicians. One of them was Mozart. He said, "That boy will give the world something worth listening to."
When Beethoven was in his twenties, he began to go deaf. The deafness changed his behaviors. He became (43)withdrawn and moody. (44)His friends found him hard to be around, but he kept composing even when he lost all his hearing.
Beethoven died when he was 57 years old. (45)He had composed over a hundred pieces. His music spanned two stages of music history. (46)His romantic style changed the way people thought about music. Many later composers gained new ideas from Beethoven’s music.
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