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锦囊妙计3：字面意义不是解
以字面意义作选项是干扰项的常用技巧，这在词汇理解题中尤为常见，在答题时应立刻将字面意义的选项排除．同义改写或深层意义的才是正确选项。
【例3】
Arthur yon Wiesenberger, who carries the title Water Master, is one of the few water critics in North America. As a boy, he spent time in the larger cities of Italy, France and Switzerland, where bottled water is consumed daily. Even then, he kept a water journal, noting the brands he liked best. “My dog could tell the difference between bottled and tap water,” he says.
Q: By saying “My dog could tell the difference between bottled and tap water”, von Wiesenberger wants to convey the message that ____
[2006.12／T58]
A) plain tap water is certainly unfit for drinking
B) bottled water is clearly superior to tap water
C) bottled water often appeals more to dogs' taste
D) dogs can usually detect a fine difference in taste
【解析】题目中的dog只是为了强调瓶装水和自来水的区别很明显，对该句的正确理解不应真的与dog有关．可见选项C和D完全没有提及my dog could tell的深层意思，都只是表面的解释，可立刻予以排除。 [答案：B]
锦囊妙计4：照抄原文不是解．同义替换是解
在细节题中有两种极端，一种是答案照搬原文，另一种却相反，即照搬原文的不是答案，对原文进行同义改写的才是答案。前一种题毫无难度，因此，后一种是出题者主要使用的手段。在排除了毫无原文依据的选项后，在剩下的选项中，不妨考虑利用这个锦囊选出正确答案。
【例4】
... Others expected people to lie more in face-to-face exchanges because we are most practiced at that form of communication.
But Hancock says it is also crucial whether a conversation is being recorded and could be reread, and whether it occurs in real time. People appear to be afraid to lie when they know the communication could later be
used to hold them to account, he says. This is why fewer lies appear in e-
mail than on the phone.
Q: According to the passage, why are people more likely to tell the truth
through certain media of communication? [2006,6/T59]
A) They are afraid of leaving behind traces of their lies.
B) They believe that honesty is the best policy.
C) They tend to be relaxed when using those media.
D) They are most practiced at those forms of communication.
【解析】选项B和C的信息并未在原文提及，因此可以首先排除。选项D照抄上文首段末句原因从句的内容，这时也可以根据“照抄原文不是解”这条锦囊把选项D也排除掉，剩下的选项A是就成了最可能正确的选项。选项A是对第2段第2句中could be used to引出的目的的近义改写，为正确答案。 【答案：A】
