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Passage Two
Questions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage.
Survey results indicate that smoking and alcohol and marijuana(大麻) use increased among residents of Manhattan during the 5 --- 8 weeks after the terrorist attacks on the World Trade Center which took place on September 11, 2001. Almost one third of the nearly 1,000 persons interviewed reported an increased use of alcohol, marijuana, or cigarettes following the September llth attacks. The largest increase was in alcohol use.
About one fourth of the respondents said they were drinking more alcohol in the weeks after September 11; about 10X reported an increase in smoking, and 3.2% said they had increased their use of marijuana.
The investigators found survey participants by randomly dialing New York City phone numbers and screened(筛选的) potential respondents for Manhattan residents living in areas close to the World Trade Center. Interviews were conducted with 988 individuals between October 16 and November 15, 2001. Participants were asked about their cigarette smoking, alcohol drinking, and marijuana use habits before and after September 11.
During the week prior to September 11, 2001, 22.6% of the participants reported smoking cigarettes, 59.1% drinking alcohol, and 4.4% using marijuana. After September llth, 23. 4% reported smoking cigarettes, 64.4% drinking alcohol, and 5. 7% smoking marijuana. Among those who smoked, almost 10% reported smoking at least an extra pack of cigarettes a week and among those who drank alcohol, more than 20% reported drinking at least one extra drink a day.
The researchers found that people who reported an increase in substance abuse were more likely to suffer from post traumatic (外伤的)stress disorder (PTSD)and from depression. People who reported an increase in cigarette smoking or marijuana use were also more likely to have both FI'SD and depression, while those who reported an increase in alcohol use were more likely to have depression only. Persons who were living closer to the World Trade Center were more likely to increase their cigarette smoking, but other factors such as being displaced from home, losing possessions during the attacks, or being involved in the rescue efforts were not consistently associated with increased substance use. Symptoms of panic attack were associated with an increase in the use of all substances
Increase in substance abuse did not differ significantly between men and women or among racial or ethnic groups. Demographic(人口统计学的) factors such as age, marital status, and income seemed to play a more critical role in determining if the events of September llth led to an increase in substance abuse.
62. The survey results suggest that the largest increase in substance use was
; A)alcohol B)marijuana C) cigarettes D) cocaine
63. The survey participants were randomly selected __
A)United States citizens
B)New York City citizens
C)Manhattan residents who live close to the World Trade Center
D)American citizens who witnessed the terrorist attack
84. The author is trying to reveal in this article that
A)use of substances may vary from time to time
B)abuse of certain substances is harmful for health
C) the attack of September 11th has left incurable harm to people's mental health
D)terrorist attack increase anxiety and sense of insecurity among residents
65. After September 11 in America, .
A) people who reported an increase in alcohol use were more likely to have [ri'SD
B) people who were living closer to the World Trade Center were most likely to
increase cigarette smoking
C) displacement from home and involvement in rescue efforts were consistently
associated with increased substance use
D) symptoms of panic attack were unrelated with increased use of substances
66. It can be inferred that
A) demographic information such as gender, race and marital status was not collected
B) gender and race do not have much effect on the amount of substance abuse
C)age and marital status do not make any difference on substance abuse
D)income is a better predictor of substance abuse than age
