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From VOA Learning English, this is the Health & Lifestyle report.
这里是美国之音慢速英语的健康与生活方式报道。
The mental health chatbot Earkick greets users with a friendly-looking panda that could fit easily in a children's program.
心理健康聊天机器人“Earkick”会用一只看起来很友好的熊猫来迎接用户，这只熊猫的形象很适合儿童节目。
When users talk about anxiety, the panda gives the kind of comforting statements that a trained mental health professional, called a therapist, would say.
当用户谈论焦虑时，熊猫会像受过训练的专业心理健康人士（称为治疗师）那样给予安慰。
Then it might suggest breathing exercises or give advice on how to deal with stress.
然后，它可能会建议进行呼吸练习，或者就如何应对压力给出建议。
Earkick is one of hundreds of free chatbots aimed at dealing with a mental health crisis among young people.
Earkick是数百个免费聊天机器人之一，这些聊天机器人旨在应对年轻人的心理健康危机。
But the co-founder of Earkick, Karin Andrea Stephan, says he and the other creators do not "feel comfortable" calling their chatbots a therapy tool.
但“Earkick”的联合创始人卡林·安德烈亚·斯蒂芬（Karin Andrea Stephan）说，他和其他创始人并不“放心”把他们的聊天机器人称为治疗工具。
Whether these chatbots, or apps, provide a simple self-help tool or mental health treatment is important to the growing digital health industry.
这些聊天机器人或应用程序是提供简单的自助工具，还是提供心理健康治疗，这对不断发展的数字健康产业非常重要。
Since the apps do not claim to diagnose or treat medical conditions, they do not need approval from the Food and Drug Administration (or FDA).
由于这些应用程序并不声称可以诊断或治疗疾病，因此不需要获得美国食品和药物管理局（FDA）的批准。
The industry's position is now coming under more careful examination with recent developments of chatbots powered by artificial intelligence (AI).
随着人工智能（AI）聊天机器人的新发展，该行业的地位正受到更仔细的审查。
The technology uses a large amount of data to copy human language.
该技术利用大量数据复制人类语言。
The upsides are clear: the chatbots are free; they are available 24 hours a day; and people can use them in private.
优点显而易见：聊天机器人是免费的；每天24小时可用；可以私下使用。
Now for the downsides: there is limited data that the chatbots improve mental health; and they have not received FDA approval to treat conditions like depression.
现在说说缺点：聊天机器人改善心理健康的数据有限，而且它们还没有获得美国食品和药物管理局的批准，可以用于治疗抑郁症等疾病。
Vaile Wright is a psychologist and technology director with the American Psychological Association.
薇尔·赖特（Vaile Wright）是一名心理学家，也是美国心理学会的技术主任。
She said users of these chatbots, "have no way to know whether they're actually effective."
她说，这些聊天机器人的用户“无法知道它们是否真的有用”。
Wright added that the chatbots are not the same as traditional mental health treatment.
赖特补充说，心理健康聊天机器人与传统的心理健康治疗不同。
But, she said, they could help some people with less severe mental and emotional problems.
但她说，它们可以帮助一些精神和情绪问题不太严重的人。
Earkick's website states that the app does not "provide any form of medical care, medical opinion, diagnosis or treatment."
“Earkick”的网站声明，该应用不“提供任何形式的医疗护理、医疗意见、诊断或治疗”。
Some health lawyers say such claims are not enough.
一些健康行业的律师说，这种声明还不够。
Glenn Cohen of Harvard Law School said, "If you're really worried about people using your app for mental health services, you want a disclaimer that's more direct..." He suggested, "This is just for fun."
哈佛大学法学院的格伦·科恩（Glenn Cohen）说：“如果你真的担心人们用你的应用程序来获取心理健康服务，你需要一个更直接的免责声明……”他建议，“这种机器人只是为了好玩。”
Still, chatbots are already playing a role due to an ongoing shortage of mental health professionals.
尽管如此，由于心理健康专业人员持续短缺，聊天机器人已经开始发挥作用。
Britain's National Health Service has begun offering a chatbot called Wysa to help with stress, anxiety and depression among young people.
英国国家医疗服务体系已经开始提供一种名为Wysa的聊天机器人，帮助年轻人缓解压力、焦虑和抑郁。
This includes those people waiting to see a therapist.
这包括那些等待看心理医生的人。
Some health insurers, universities, and hospitals in the United States are offering similar programs.
美国的一些健康保险公司、大学和医院也在提供类似的项目。
Dr. Angela Skrzynski is a family doctor in the American state of New Jersey.
安琪拉·斯科尼斯基（Angela Skrzynski）是美国新泽西州的一名家庭医生。
When she tells her patients how long it will take to see a therapist, she says they are usually very open to trying a chatbot.
她说，当她告诉病人看心理医生需要花多长时间时，病人通常会非常乐意尝试聊天机器人。
Her employer, Virtua Health, offers Woebot to some adult patients.
她的雇主“Virtua Health”向一些成年患者提供聊天机器人Woebot的服务。
Founded in 2017 by a Stanford-trained psychologist, Woebot does not use AI programs.
2017年，“Woebot”由一位在斯坦福大学接受培训的心理学家创立，它未使用人工智能程序。
The chatbot uses thousands of structured language models written by its staff and researchers.
该聊天机器人使用由其员工和研究人员编写的数千个结构化语言模型。
Woebot founder Alison Darcy says this rules-based model is safer for health care use.
“Woebot”创始人艾莉森·达西（Alison Darcy）说，若用于医疗保健，这种基于规则的模型更安全。
The company is testing generative AI models, but Darcy says there have been problems with the technology.
该公司正在测试生成式人工智能模型，但达西说，这项技术一直存在问题。
She said, "We couldn't stop the large language models from... telling someone how they should be thinking, instead of facilitating the person's process."
她说：“我们无法阻止大语言模型……告诉人们应该如何思考，而不是促进人们的自主思考。”
Woebot's finding was included in a research paper on AI chatbots published last year in Digital Medicine.
去年发表在《数字医学》（Digital Medicine）上的一篇关于人工智能聊天机器人的研究论文中，收录了“Woebot”的发现。
The writers concluded that chatbots could help with depression in a short time.
研究作者认为，聊天机器人可以在短时间内帮助人们应对抑郁症。
But there was no way to study their long-term effect on mental health.
但无法研究它们对心理健康的长期影响。
Ross Koppel of the University of Pennsylvania studies health information technology.
宾夕法尼亚大学的罗斯·科佩尔（Ross Koppel）研究健康信息技术。
He worries these chatbots could be used in place of treatment and medications.
他担心，人们使用这些聊天机器人，而不寻求治疗和药物。
Koppel and others would like to see the FDA review and possibly regulate these chatbots.
科佩尔和其他人希望美国食品和药物管理局能对这些聊天机器人进行审查，可能的话进行监管。
Dr. Doug Opel works at Seattle Children's Hospital.
道格·奥佩尔（Doug Opel）博士在西雅图儿童医院工作。
He said, "There's a whole host of questions we need to understand about this technology so we can ultimately do what we're all here to do: improve kids' mental and physical health."
他说：“关于这项技术，我们需要了解一大堆问题，这样才能最终实现我们的目标：改善儿童的身心健康。”
And that's the Health & Lifestyle report. I'm Anna Matteo.
以上就是本期的健康与生活方式报道。安娜·马特奥为您播报。
译文为可可英语翻译，未经授权请勿转载！
