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Artificial intelligence (AI) became a popular subject in 2023.
人工智能在2023年成为一个热门话题。
Still, the technology has a long way to go to meet people's futuristic expectations of human-like machines.
不过，要满足人们对类人机器的未来期望，这项技术还有很长的路要走。
ChatGPT was central to this year's attention on AI.
ChatGPT是今年人工智能的焦点。
The chatbot showed the world recent developments in computer science, although not everyone understood quite how it works or what to do with it.
该聊天机器人向世界展示了计算机科学的最新发展，尽管并不是每个人都能完全理解它的运转方式（即如何处理它）。
AI scientist Fei-Fei Li suggested that 2023 would be remembered for the great changes in technology as well as the public awakening.
人工智能科学家李飞飞表示，2023年将会因为技术的巨大变化和公众的觉醒而被铭记。
It was a year for people to figure out "what this is, how to use it, what's the impact — all the good, the bad and the ugly," she added.
她补充说，在这一年，人们弄清楚“这是什么，如何使用它，它的影响是什么——所有好的，坏的和丑陋的”。
The first AI concerns of 2023 began soon after New Year's Day.
2023年第一个引起人们担忧的有关人工智能的问题在元旦后不久就开始了。
That is when classrooms reopened and schools from Seattle to Paris started blocking ChatGPT.
那时教室重新开放，从西雅图到巴黎的学校开始屏蔽ChatGPT。
Students were already asking the chatbot — released in late 2022 — to write papers and answer take-home tests.
学生们那时已经要求这个于2022年底发布的聊天机器人写论文和回答开卷考试题。
AI large language models behind technology such as ChatGPT work by predicting the next word in a sentence.
ChatGPT等技术背后的人工智能大型语言模型通过预测句子中的下一个单词来运转。
The models make such predictions after having "learned" the structure of a huge number of human-written works.
这些模型在“学习”了大量人类书面作品的结构后做出了这样的预测。
The large language models often get facts wrong.
大型语言模型往往会弄错事实。
But the results appeared so natural that it created interest in the next AI developments and possible uses for trickery and deception.
但结果似乎很自然，以至于人们对人工智能的未来发展以及可能的欺骗用途产生了兴趣。
Worries grew as this new group of generative AI tools produced not just words but also images, music and voices.
由于这组新的生成式人工智能工具不仅可以生成文字，还可以生成图像、音乐和声音，人们的担忧与日俱增。
They seemed to threaten the jobs of anyone who writes, draws, and creates music and computer languages.
它们似乎威胁到了从事写作、绘画、音乐和计算机语言创作的人的工作。
Concerns about AI tools fueled strikes by Hollywood writers and actors and legal disputes from artists to writers.
对人工智能工具的担忧引发了好莱坞编剧和演员的罢工，以及艺术家、作家等的法律纠纷。
Some of the most respected AI scientists warned that the technology's progress was marching toward outsmarting humans and possibly threatening their existence.
一些最受尊敬的人工智能科学家警告说，这项技术正在朝着超越人类的方向发展，并可能会威胁到人类。
Yet other scientists called the warnings overblown and brought attention to more immediate risks.
然而，其他科学家认为这些警告言过其实，并将关注点引向了更直接的风险。
By spring, AI-created videos known as deepfakes had appeared in U.S. election campaigns.
到了春季，由人工智能生成的名为深度伪造的视频出现在美国的竞选活动中。
Deepfakes are videos that contain realistic images but with digital changes to people's actions and speech.
深度伪造视频包含逼真的图像，但对人物的行为和语言进行了数字更改。
One deepfake falsely showed Donald Trump embracing the nation's former top infectious disease expert.
一张深度伪造的照片错误地显示了唐纳德·特朗普拥抱美国前顶级传染病专家的画面。
The technology made it increasingly difficult to tell the difference between real and fake videos of the wars in Ukraine and Gaza.
这项技术让人们越来越难区分乌克兰和加沙战争视频的真假。
By the end of the year, the AI crisis affected ChatGPT's maker, OpenAI.
到年底，人工智能危机影响了ChatGPT的制造商OpenAI。
The San Francisco-based company led by chief executive Sam Altman was nearly destroyed by disagreements over its mission.
这家总部位于旧金山、由首席执行官萨姆·奥尔特曼领导的公司几乎因为在其使命上的分歧而被毁。
AI debates also led to new laws from the European Union and consideration from others, including the United States Congress.
有关人工智能的争论还导致欧盟颁布了新法律，以及其他国家的考虑，其中包括美国国会。
AI products released in 2023 have brought technology achievements not possible in earlier times.
2023年发布的人工智能产品带来了以前不可能实现的技术成就。
But the market research company Gartner says they arrive with "inflated expectations" and "massive claims" about its abilities.
但市场研究公司高德纳表示，人们对其抱有“过高的期望”，并“夸大”其能力。
Gartner analyst Dave Micko said leading AI developers are pushing the latest technology with their current line of products, including search engines and workplace productivity software.
高德纳的分析师戴夫·米科表示，领先的人工智能开发商正在用他们目前的产品线推动最新技术，包括搜索引擎和工作场所生产力软件。
He said, "As much as Google and Microsoft and Amazon and Apple would love us to adopt the way that they think about their technology and that they deliver that technology, I think adoption actually comes from the bottom up."
他说：“尽管谷歌、微软、亚马逊和苹果都希望我们采用他们对自己技术的思考方式以及它们提供技术的方式，但我认为，采用实际上是自下而上的。”
It is easy to forget that this is not the first appearance of AI in business.
人们很容易忘记，这并不是人工智能第一次出现在商业领域。
The technology has been used to help guide self-driving cars, compare objects and individual faces, and recognize speech in software like Siri and Alexa.
这项技术已经被用来帮助引导自动驾驶汽车，比较物体和个人面孔，以及在Siri和Alexa等软件中识别语音。
In 2011, Tom Gruber launched Siri, which was bought and used by Apple in the iPhone.
2011年，汤姆·格鲁伯推出了Siri，苹果公司购买了Siri并将其应用于iPhone中。
At that time, it was the only major use of AI that people had ever experienced.
当时，这是人们唯一一次使用人工智能。
But Gruber believes what's happening now is the "biggest wave ever" in AI, launching new possibilities as well as dangers.
但格鲁伯认为，目前正在发生的事情是人工智能领域“有史以来最大的浪潮”，在带来新的可能性的同时也带来了危险。
The dangers could come fast in 2024.
危险可能会在2024年迅速到来。
Major national elections in the U.S., India and elsewhere could get flooded with AI-created deepfakes.
美国、印度和其他地方的重大全国性选举可能会充斥着人工智能生成的深度伪造。
In the longer term, AI technology's rapidly improving language, visual sensing and step-by-step planning abilities could create a kind of digital assistant — but only if given access to the "inner loop of our digital life stream," Gruber said.
格鲁伯说，从长远来看，人工智能技术迅速提高的语言、视觉感知和循序渐进的规划能力可能会创造一种数字助手，但前提是能够进入“我们数字生活流的内环”。
"They can manage your attention as in, 'You should watch this video. You should read this book. You should respond to this person's communication,'" Gruber said.
格鲁伯说：“它们可以管理你的注意力，比如，‘你应该看这段视频。你应该读这本书。你应该回复这个人。’”
He added, "That is what a real executive assistant does. And we could have that, but with a really big risk of personal information and privacy."
他补充说，“这才是真正的行政助理应该做的事情。我们可以做到这一点，但这会给个人信息和隐私带来很大的风险。”
I'm John Russell. And I'm Ashley Thompson.
约翰·拉塞尔、阿什利·汤普森为您共同播报。
译文为可可英语翻译，未经授权请勿转载！
