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Recent studies say India is soon to be the most populous country in the world, with about 1.4 billion people.
最近的研究表明，印度很快就会成为世界上人口最多的国家，大约会有14亿人口。
More than half of India's population is under the age of 30.
印度一半以上的人口年龄在30岁以下。
That means India has hundreds of millions of working-age people.
这意味着印度有数以亿计的劳动适龄人口。
Financial experts note that the country's economy is growing quickly.
金融专家指出，该国经济正在快速发展。
However, many young Indians are missing out on the growth because they do not have jobs.
然而，许多年轻的印度人因为没有工作而错过了经济发展。
Rafiq Nagar is an extremely poor area of Mumbai.
拉菲克·纳加尔是孟买的一个极度贫困的地区。
About 800,000 people live there in poor conditions.
那里大约有80万人处于贫困中。
Among them is 23-year-old Nizamudin Abdul Rahim Khan.
23岁的尼扎穆丁·阿卜杜勒·拉希姆·汗就是其中之一。
He struggles to find work.
他很难找到工作。
He spends his time playing cricket on the street.
他把时间花在在街上打板球上。
Khan said he earns about $122 each month by working as a laborer for home repairs or construction.
汗说，他每个月通过做修缮或建筑工人赚大约122美元。
Naseem Jafar Ali works for a nonprofit organization in Mumbai.
纳西姆·贾法尔·阿里在孟买的一个非营利性组织工作。
He said Khan is not the only young person who wants to work but cannot find a job.
他说，汗并不是唯一一个想工作但找不到工作的年轻人。
During the first part of the COVID-19 pandemic, the unemployment rate in India's cities rose above 20 percent.
在新冠疫情的第一阶段，印度城市的失业率上升到了20%以上。
While the rate has gone down recently, many full-time jobs have not returned.
虽然失业率最近有所下降，但许多全职工作并未恢复。
As a result, more people are doing casual work.
因此，越来越多的人在做临时工。
That means they are not working full time or every day.
意思是他们不是全职工作，即不是每天都有工作。
While India's economy is growing, experts say the country will not reach its potential if such large numbers of people struggle to get work.
虽然印度的经济在发展，但专家表示，如果这么多人难以找到工作，那么该国就不会发挥其潜力。
Radhicka Kapoor studies unemployment for the Indian Council for Research on International Economic Relations.
拉迪卡·卡普尔在印度国际经济关系研究理事会研究失业问题。
She said people who are officially unemployed are "only the tip of the iceberg."
她说，官方统计的失业人口“只是冰山一角”。
She said a larger problem is underemployment and those who are unemployed but not correctly counted.
她说，更大的问题是失业但没有被正确统计进去的人口。
She called it "disguised unemployment."
她称之为“隐蔽性失业”。
Khan said he helps his family with the money he makes.
汗说，他用自己赚的钱帮助家人。
But he wants to be able to do more.
但他希望自己能够做更多。
He said, "if I get a permanent job, then there will be no problem."
他说：“如果我找到一份固定的工作，那就没有问题了。”
Jayati Ghosh is an economist who is concerned about young people missing out on the country's growth.
Jayati Ghosh是一位经济学家，他担心年轻人错过国家发展。
She said there are a lot of young people whose families spent money on their education.
她说，有很多年轻人的家人把钱花在他们的教育上。
But those people still cannot find work.
但这些人仍然找不到工作。
"That's horrifying," she said. "It's not just the question of potential loss to the economy … it is a lost generation."
“这太可怕了，”她说。“这不仅仅是经济的潜在损失问题……也是迷失的一代。”
Ghosh said the fall of small businesses has been the biggest problem in India.
Ghosh说，小企业的倒闭一直是印度最大的问题。
She called it a "collapse."
她称之为“倒闭”。
Ghosh said recent government policies hurt small businesses, and so did the pandemic.
Ghosh说，最近的政府政策对小企业造成了伤害，疫情也对小企业造成了伤害。
The government said over 10,000 small businesses closed between April 2022 and March 2023.
政府表示，在2022年4月至2023年3月期间，超过1万家小企业倒闭。
A year earlier, 6,000 such businesses closed.
一年前，有6000家这样的企业倒闭。
As a result, many people who would have worked for these small businesses in past years are now on their own.
因此，许多在过去几年本应为这些小企业工作的人现在自食其力。
But self-employed people only earn about $178 per month.
但自由职业者的月薪只有178美元。
People working for businesses make about $212 per month.
为企业工作的人每月收入约为212美元。
The problem is more severe in India's major cities.
在印度的主要城市里，这个问题更为严重。
There are 150 million working-age people in cities, but less than half have jobs.
城市里有1.5亿劳动适龄人口，但有工作的人不到一半。
In recent years, many young people have come to cities from rural areas in search of work.
近年来，许多年轻人从农村来到城市找工作。
Even people who have an education and job experience cannot find work.
即使是受过教育和有工作经验的人也找不到工作。
Arshad Ali Ansari is a 22-year-old student.
阿尔沙德·阿里·安萨里是一名22岁的学生。
He lives in the same neighborhood as Khan, the young man who passes time playing cricket.
他和打板球打发时间的年轻人汗住在同一个社区。
Ansari talked about his brother, who lost his job at a bank during the pandemic.
安萨里谈到了他的兄弟，他在疫情期间失去了在一家银行的工作。
Now he helps his father paint houses.
如今，他帮父亲粉刷房子。
The family of eight lives in a small room.
这个八口之家住在一个小房间里。
They live on about $240 per month.
他们每月的生活费约为240美元。
"My brother had an education, he had experience," Ansari said.
安萨里说：“我哥哥受过教育，他有经验”。
His sister lost her job, too.
他的妹妹也失去了工作。
She was a social worker.
她是一名社会工作者。
She does not think she will find another job.
她认为她不会找到另一份工作。
Pranjul Bhandari is an economist for the banking company HSBC.
普兰朱尔·班达里是汇丰银行的经济学家。
He recently wrote a report about India's jobs problem.
他最近写了一篇关于印度就业问题的报告。
He said the nation will need to create 70 million new jobs over the next 10 years.
他说，未来10年，印度将需要创造7000万个新的就业机会。
However, the country is only set to create 24 million new jobs.
然而，印度将只创造2400万个新的就业机会。
That, he said, means 46 million people will miss out on earnings.
他说，这意味着4600万人将会失去收入。
I'm Dan Friedell.
丹·弗里德尔为您播报。
译文为可可英语翻译，未经授权请勿转载！
