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VOA慢速英语(翻译+字幕+讲解):研究表明贫困会影响学习

来源:可可英语 编辑:Sunny   可可英语APP下载 |  可可官方微信:ikekenet
  
  • From VOA Learning English, this is the Education Report.
  • 这里是美国之音慢速英语教育报道。
  • Studies have shown that children from poor families have more difficulty in school than other boys and girls.
  • 研究表明,与其他男孩、女孩相比,来自贫困家庭的孩子在学业上会遇到更多困难。
  • Children with higher socioeconomic roots seem better prepared and perform better on school tests.
  • 有着更高社会经济地位的孩子似乎准备更充分,在学业考试中表现更好。
  • Now, American researchers may have found a biological reason for that difference.
  • 现在,美国研究者可能已经发现了导致这一差异的生理原因,
  • They found differences in the brains of students who had low standardized test scores.
  • 他们发现在标准化考试中分数低的学生的大脑差别,
  • Their brains had less gray matter and their temporal lobes developed more slowly than the other children. The findings were reported in the journal JAMA Pediatrics.
  • 与其他孩子相比,这些学生大脑中的灰质更少,他们的颞叶发育得更慢。这一发现发表在期刊《儿科学》上。
  • Temporal lobes and gray matter are very important brain areas, says researcher Barbara Wolfe.
  • 研究者芭芭拉·沃尔夫说,颞叶和灰质都是大脑中很重要的区域,
  • She is a professor of economics, population health and public affairs at the University of Wisconsin at Madison.
  • 她是威斯康星大学麦迪逊分校经济学、人口健康和公共事务学教授。
  • The brain areas are "critical in the sense that they keep developing until individuals are well into their adolescence or early 20s,
  • 这些大脑区域很重要,它们能在个体进入青春期或20岁以前继续发育,
  • and critical in the sense that they are important for executive function," she said.
  • 对于执行功能来说很关键。
  • Researchers studied brain images of nearly 400 children and young adults. The youngest subjects were four years old.
  • 研究人员研究了近400名儿童和年轻人的大脑图像,最年轻的被研究者只有4岁,
  • The oldest were 22. Researchers looked for a connection between the person's socioeconomic status and his or her test results.
  • 最大的22岁。研究者发现了这些人经济社会地位与其考试结果之间的关联。
  • On average, young people from poor families had test scores between three and four points below what is expected for their age group.
  • 一般来说,来自贫困家庭的年轻人其考试成绩比这个年龄组的期待成绩要低三到四个分。
  • The poorest students scored between eight and 10 points below the developmental norm.
  • 最贫困学生的分数比发育规范低8到10个分,
  • Ms. Wolfe says there are several reasons why poorer students often have lower scores.
  • 沃尔夫说穷学生分数低有几个原因。
  • One reason could be poor children do not get the food they need for healthy development.
  • 一是贫困学生没有得到健康发育所需的食物,
  • Poor parents are less likely to stimulate their children's brains through talk, play, and activities.
  • 贫困父母们更不可能通过对话、玩耍和各种活动来刺激孩子的大脑。
  • Ms. Wolfe also blames the "stress that parents face in trying to deal with poverty, putting food on the table."
  • 沃尔夫还将之归咎于“父母们面临的解决贫困、养家糊口的压力”。
  • The researchers say that up to 20 percent of the achievement gap, or difference in test performance, could be tied to poverty.
  • 研究者称,高达20%的成绩差异都与贫困有关。
  • Ms. Wolfe suggests early action may improve the brain development of children living in poverty.
  • 沃尔夫指出,早期行动可能会改善贫困儿童的大脑发育,
  • Reaching out to children when they are very young could help raise their test scores and academic performance when they are older.
  • 在孩子还很小的时候就帮助他们可以提高其长大后的考试成绩和学业表现。
  • She says that when the source of the deficit is known,"these areas of the brain can be developed," she said."... It means that policies can be developed that overcome this deficit."I'm Jonathan Evans.
  • 她说当探明这一差异的原因后,“就可以开发这些大脑区域,这意味着开发制定政策来解决这一差异”。我是乔纳森·伊万斯。


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这里是美国之音慢速英语教育报道&k(5#fbnHBTp8

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研究表明,与其他男孩、女孩相比,来自贫困家庭的孩子在学业上会遇到更多困难y9SSyhmB9[rzPY5D6。有着更高社会经济地位的孩子似乎准备更充分,在学业考试中表现更好X+=G08%RJE|QhvZ)4e7

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现在,美国研究者可能已经发现了导致这一差异的生理原因,他们发现在标准化考试中分数低的学生的大脑差别,与其他孩子相比,这些学生大脑中的灰质更少,他们的颞叶发育得更慢Pfh|O&UTp~L3U。这一发现发表在期刊《儿科学》上J#OtAd*x%5#K-&Y

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研究者芭芭拉·沃尔夫说,颞叶和灰质都是大脑中很重要的区域,她是威斯康星大学麦迪逊分校经济学、人口健康和公共事务学教授dugur%g2EF

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她说当探明这一差异的原因后,“就可以开发这些大脑区域,这意味着开发制定政策来解决这一差异”)v0am&yaqb0NuIaj0-c

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译文为可可英语翻译,未经授权请勿转载!

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norm [nɔ:m]

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n. 标准,规范

 
solidarity [.sɔli'dæriti]

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n. 团结

 
performance [pə'fɔ:məns]

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n. 表演,表现; 履行,实行
n. 性能,本

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fiscal ['fiskəl]

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adj. 财政的,国库的

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temporal ['tempərəl]

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adj. 当时的,暂时的,现世的 n. 世间的事物

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critical ['kritikəl]

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adj. 批评的,决定性的,危险的,挑剔的
a

 
stimulate ['stimjuleit]

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vt. 刺激,激励,鼓舞
vi. 起刺激作用

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n. 成就,成绩,完成,达到

 
pledge [pledʒ]

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n. 保证,誓言,抵押,抵押品
vt. 保证,

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executive [ig'zekjutiv]

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