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商务写作指南 易混淆词汇辨析(1)

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  1.affect vs effect
  两个“影响”辨析

  Affect and effect are two words that are commonly confused. Affect is usually a verb (action); effect is usually a noun (thing).

  Affect和effect这两个词语经常被混淆。Affect通常用作动词,表示某种行为,而effect常用作名词,表示某事。

  Hint: If it’s something you’re going to do, use "affect." If it’s something you’ve already done, use "effect."

  提示:如果某事是你正打算要去做的,那么用affect;如果某事是你已经做完了的,那么就用effect。

  To affect something or someone.

  “影响”某事或某人

  Example 1: The noise outside affected my performance.

  例1:外面的噪音影响了我的发挥。

  Example 2: Staying away so long from office will affect promotion.

  例2:长期离职会影响晋级。

  The use of "effect" as a verb is what causes the most confusion between these two words.

  effect用作动词时,最容易和affect造成混淆。

  To have an effect on something or someone.

  对某事或某人有“影响”

  Note: effect is followed by the preposition on and preceded by an article (an, the)

  注意:effect前面一般要有冠词a/the,effect后面通常要加介词on。

  Example 1: His smile had a strange effect on me.

  例1:他的笑容对我有一种奇怪的影响。

  Example 2: Parents worry about the effect of music on their adolescent’s behavior.

  例2:家长们担心音乐对于其青少年子女行为的影响。

  2.some time / sometime vs sometimes

  一段时间、某时和有时的辨析

  Some time means a period of time.

  Some time表示一段时间。

  Example 1: The government still has sufficient instruments and still some time to move on this question.

  例1:政府仍然有足够的工具和时间来应对这个问题。

  Example 2: I think Jenny and I need some time right now anyway.

  例2:反正我和珍妮需要一点时间。

  Sometime indicates a time in the future or the past which is not known or not stated.

  Sometime表示未来或者过去的某个时间,而这个时间目前还未知或者没有表述清楚。

  Example 1: They hoped to meet up sometime.

  例1:他们希望能找个时间见个面。

  Example 2: The sales figures won’t be released until sometime next month.

  例2:销售数据要到下个月的某个时候才会公布。

  Sometimes means on some occasions but not always or often.

  Sometimes指的是有时,但并不经常,表示频率。

  Example 1: During the summer, my skin sometimes gets greasy.

  例1:夏天我的皮肤有时会变得爱出油。

  Example 2: I differed with my partner sometimes,but we usually agree.

  例2:我有时与我的伙伴争论,但我们通常是一致的。

  3.e.g vs i.e“

  例如”和“也就是”的辨析

  e.g. stands for exempli gratia = for example.

  e.g.是拉丁语exempli gratia的简写,表示“例如”,用于举例说明。

  Example: "I like fast cars, e.g. Ferrari and Porche".

  例句:我喜欢跑车,比如法拉利和保时捷。

  In the sentence above you are simply giving an example of the kinds of cars you like - Ferraris and Porches.

  在上述例句中,e.g.后要加你喜欢的车子的类型,即法拉利和保时捷。

  i.e. stands for id est = that is (in explanation).

  i.e.是拉丁语id est的简写,表示“也就是、即”的意思,用于解释说明。

  Example: "I like fast cars, i.e. any car that can go over 150mph."

  例句:我喜欢跑车,也就是时速超过150英里的车子。

  In this second sentence you are giving an explanation of what you consider to be fast.

  在第二句例句中,i.e.后是对跑车的说明,即你认为的跑车是多快的车子。
重点单词   查看全部解释    
affect [ə'fekt]

想一想再看

vt. 影响,作用,感动

联想记忆
confused [kən'fju:zd]

想一想再看

adj. 困惑的;混乱的;糊涂的 v. 困惑(confu

 
confusion [kən'fju:ʒən]

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n. 混乱,混淆,不确定状态

联想记忆
partner ['pɑ:tnə]

想一想再看

n. 搭档,伙伴,合伙人
v. 同 ... 合

联想记忆
affected [ə'fektid]

想一想再看

adj. 受影响的,受感动的,受疾病侵袭的 adj. 做

联想记忆
adolescent [.ædə'lesnt]

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adj. 青春期的,青少年的
n. 青少年

联想记忆
explanation [.eksplə'neiʃən]

想一想再看

n. 解释,说明

 
sufficient [sə'fiʃənt]

想一想再看

adj. 足够的,充分的

联想记忆
promotion [prə'məuʃən]

想一想再看

n. 晋升,促进,提升

联想记忆
hint [hint]

想一想再看

n. 暗示
v. 暗示,示意

 

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