第五部分、下列特殊用语使用频繁
一、WHEREAS 鉴于
正式而重要的合同,尤其是英美法系的合同,多用它在前文中引出签约背景和目的,起连词作用:
WHEREAS the Employer is desirous that manpower can be rendered available for the construction of High-Rise Residential Complex in Baghdad, Iraq;
鉴于雇主欲请劳动力建造伊拉克巴格达的高层住宅综合大楼;
WHEREAS the Contractor is desirous to provide the manpower for the Works;
鉴于承包人想为此工程提供劳动力;
二、WITNESS 证明
在合同前文中常用作首句的谓语动词:
This Agreement, made by ……
WITNESSES
WHEREAS……, it is agreed as follows:
本协议由……签订证明:鉴于……特此达成协议如下:
IN WITNESS WHEREOF 作为所协议事项的证据,该短语常用于合同的结尾条款:
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have executed this Contract in duplicate by their duly authorized representatives on the date first above written.
作为所协议事项的证据,双方授权代表于上面首次写明的日期正式签订本协议一式两份。
三、IN CONSIDERATION OF 以……为约因/报酬
约因是英美法系的合同有效成立要件之一,没有则合同不能依法强制履行。但是,大陆法系的合同则无此规定。
Now Therefore, in consideration of the premises and the covenants herein, contained, the parties hereto agree as follows:
兹以上述各点和契约所载条款为约因,订约双方协议如下:
In consideration of the payment to be made by Party A to Party B, Party B hereby covenants with Party A to complete the building in conformity with the provisions of the Contract.
乙方特此立约向甲方保证按合同规定完成工程建设,以取得甲方所付的报酬。
四、NOW,THEREFORE 兹特
此短语用于WHEREAS条款之后引出具体协议事项的常用开头语,并与其后hereby的结合。如果无HEREAS条款,则本短语可省略:
NOW, THEREFORE, it’s hereby agreed and understood as follows;
兹特协议和谅解如下:
NOW THESE PRESENTS WITNESS 兹特立约为据,本句话也是用于WHEREAS条款之后引出具体协议事项。
五、PRESENTS = the present writings 是主语,WITNESS是谓语:
NOW THESE PRESENTS WITNESS that it is hereby agreed between the parties hereto as follows:兹特立约为据,并由订约双方协议如下:
六、IN THE PRESENCE OF 见证人
本短语只在有见证人时使用—在订约双方当事人签名的下方由见证人签名作证,一般是相关的律师(Attorney)或公证处(Notary Public):
IN THE PRESENCE OF the parties hereto have hereunder set their respective hands and seals:
作为协议事项的证据,订约双方各自签名盖章如下: