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[00:00.02]The cost and affordability of good child care is the focus of the next installment in our series Parenting Now.
[00:06.94]It's a major concern for families throughout the country. And in different ways, it cuts across lines of class and income.
[00:13.75]The NewsHour's economics correspondent, Paul Solman, has the story, part of his reporting Making Sense of financial news.
[00:21.65]Where's mommy? There she is.
[00:26.04]When Baltimore teacher Danielle Spiro gave birth to her daughter Eva last year, she had to quit her job.
[00:32.85]There was no way I was going to be to be able to ever afford day care.
[00:36.97]Tiffany Beroid worked at Wal-Mart in Laurel, Maryland, where she had her second daughter.
[00:42.96]I made $12,000 for the whole year, and day care was costing, I want to say $275 to $300 a week just for the newborn.
[00:51.90]That's more than she was earning.
[00:53.72]In Alexandria, Virginia, moth of two Lisa Boyle and her husband can make the payments. Still:
[01:00.39]Close to half of our income goes to child care.
[01:03.22]Depending on where you live in America these days, full-time infant care can run to $24,000 a year.
[01:11.08]Lynette Fraga heads the advocacy group Child Care Aware.
[01:14.44]In most regions of the country, child care is the most expensive part of a family's budget.
[01:20.62]In most places, infant care now costs more than state college tuition. It is a cost rising as much as eight times faster than family income in some places. And it presents a sort of generational catch-22.
[01:36.07]Your kids figure to need advantages like quality infant and then day care to prosper in school and the workplace, but, with stagnant wages, you can't afford them.
[01:47.95]And yet, says Fraga, the research is unequivocal.
[01:51.77]We know that during the first couple of years of life, the brain is growing at a very rapid rate, and that's where we really should be putting investment.
[02:01.21]President Obama called for universal preschool in this year's State of the Union address.
[02:06.44]One of the best investments we can make in a child's life is high-quality early education.
[02:12.24]But so far, nothing's happened. And parents like Danielle Spiro are still on their own.
[02:18.40]Going to get you.
[02:19.74]Spiro's teacher salary wasn't enough to cover the cost of caring for her daughter.
[02:24.14]I was, after taxes, bringing home about $500 a week. And with our mortgage and everything else, it just wasn't going to work.
[02:31.01]Spiro is the family's primary earner. Her husband is a student.
[02:36.11]After she joined her mom's consulting firm, she hired a nanny she loves, but, even on her $70,000 salary, can only afford part-time. To bridge the gap, she put her 1-year-old in the cheapest home day care she could find. It proved a poor alternative.
[02:56.50]The TV was on most of the day. It just wasn't an ideal situation, but I didn't really have very many choices.
[03:02.70]Spiro pulled her out and now watches her daughter herself when the nanny isn't there.
[03:07.70]I am waking up with her somewhere between 5:30 to 6:00 in the morning, and I'm with her all day, and I put her to bed around 6:30 at night, eat, clean the house, get a little laundry in, and then start my work.
[03:24.09]Sometimes he finishes at 1:00 in the morning, or later.
[03:29.13]Tiffany Beroid cut back from full-time work for to weekends to save on child care when her daughter Amia came along.
[03:36.64]She was going to day care, and it was really expensive, and it was taking the majority of my paycheck and some of my husband's paycheck. I didn't want to be a stay-at-home mom. And I was forced to basically take the part-time position.
[03:49.55]And forced to take Amia out of day care, which Beroid believed was benefiting the baby, namely with soft skills.
[03:57.68]This plays a big role in their social lives, interacting with other kids.
[04:01.12]In fact, day care costs are driving more mothers to opt out altogether. Almost one-third now stay at home, the most in more than two decades.
[04:12.51]Twinkle, twinkle, little star.
[04:16.80]Crystal City Children's Center costs over $20,000 a year for full-time infant care, high, but typical in the wealthy D.C. suburbs
[04:26.31]For high-quality care, however, there is little costs and revenue, says director Luellen Matthews.
[04:33.16]We have got to have three teachers in there, and you have only nine children.
[04:36.59]So, if you look at the tuition from nine children to pay three teachers, plus the overhead, lights, heat, rent, it's very, very small.
[04:50.32]Pay here averages barely $16 an hour. But if the center paid more?
[04:56.76]I would have to increase my tuition.
[04:59.11]Lisa Boyle, the center's assistant director, understands the whipsaw better than most. She uses almost all her salary to pay to pay for her children to come here. Even though she gets a discount for her 3-year-old son, in the end:
[05:15.62]I work to earn about $100 every week.
[05:20.49]Boyle can swing it because her husband works too. Plus, she's convinced it's an important investment.
[05:27.66]When you looking at alternatives that were cheaper, it was always, you know, lower quality. So it is a choice that we have made to invest in our children's education. And at zero to 3, you just can't get those years back. It was another one of those decisions where we went back and forth, and, you know, eventually, the baby wins.
(LAUGHTER)
[05:49.29]Single moms like Paula Wilson of Oxon Hill, Maryland, don't have such choices. She simply can't afford a place like Crystal City.
[05:58.04]Everything is on me. I don't have someone to share the bills with, so I have to make sure I plan everything out to a T.
[06:08.62]Wilson, a hotel maid, sends her 3-year-old, Daniel, to a family-run day care she likes and can just afford. But it's 20 minutes away, and she can't afford a car.
[06:20.86]Every day, I have to figure out how Daniel is going to get to day care. I know they have closer day cares in the area, but they're way too expensive.
[06:31.91]So, Wilson asks friends and family to help with transportation.
[06:36.20]There are child care subsidies available, but she doesn't qualify.
[06:41.38]So, oh, you make $17 an hour. You must be able to afford it. But they don't look at the fact that sometimes the hotel is slow, and you never know when it's going to be slow.
[06:52.07]Meanwhile, Tiffany Beroid recently lost her job at Wal-Mart.
[06:56.31]Before, we were struggling. Now we have to struggle even more to make ends meet. We need the income so we can make sure that we have rent or we can make sure that we have food at clothing for the children.
[07:06.62]For such families, infant and child care are luxuries, but says Lynette Fraga:
[07:13.63]It's also an economic and educational imperative. Families have to work. And when they have to work, they need a quality setting to put their children in, to be cared and nurtured and developed for later school success.
[07:29.29]Unfortunately, these are quality settings that a great many Americans just can't afford.
[07:38.09]Even parents who work full-time often can't afford backup child care. Read the story of a single mom who feels caught between needing to care for her kids when they're not at school and climbing the ladder at work. That's on Making Sense.