评论
打印
The honorable and learned Mr. Logan, who had always been of that sect, was one who wrote an address to them, declaring his approbation of defensive war, and supporting his opinion by many strong arguments.
有一位德高望重、博学多才的陆干先生，他一向是教友会教友，他写了一封公开信给教友会教友，说明他赞成防御性战事，并且言之有理，持之有故。
He put into my hands sixty pounds to be laid out in lottery tickets for the battery, with directions to apply what prizes might be drawn wholly to that service.
他交给我六十镑去购买炮台奖券，并且言明如果彩票中奖，奖金全部捐献作修建炮台之用。
He told me the following anecdote of his old master, William Penn, respecting defense.
关于防御性战争，他告诉我一个关于他从前的东家威廉·潘的故事。
He came over from England, when a young man, with that proprietary, and as his secretary.
当他年轻时，他跟着业主威廉·潘从英国渡海到美洲来，他是他的秘书。
It was war-time, and their ship was chas'd by an armed vessel, suppos'd to be an enemy.
刚巧这是战争时期，有一只武装了的船紧紧地追赶着他们的船，他们猜想这是一只敌船。
Their captain prepar'd for defense; but told William Penn, and his company of Quakers, that he did not expect their assistance, and they might retire into the cabin, which they did, except James Logan, who chose to stay upon deck, and was quarter'd to a gun.
他们的船长就准备抵抗，但是船长告诉威廉·潘和他的教友会随从说，他不期望他们的协助，他们可以躲到舱里去，他们都下去了，只有詹姆士·陆干一人，他宁愿留在甲板上，船长就命令他看守一尊炮。
The suppos'd enemy prov'd a friend, so there was no fighting;
这个假想的敌船，却实在是一只友好的船只，所以没有战争。
but when the secretary went down to communicate the intelligence, William Penn rebuk'd him severely for staying upon deck, and undertaking to assist in defending the vessel, contrary to the principles of Friends, especially as it had not been required by the captain.
但是当这位秘书跑下去报告消息时，威廉·潘严厉地责备他不应该留在甲板上，违反教友会的教规，参加船的保卫工作，特别是因为船长并没有要求他这样做。
This reproof, being before all the company, piqu'd the secretary, who answer'd, "I being thy servant, why did thee not order me to come down?
威廉·潘当着大众面前责骂他，惹怒了这位秘书，他说：“我是你的仆人，你为什么不命令我下去呢？
But thee was willing enough that I should stay and help to fight the ship when thee thought there was danger."
但是当情势危急时，你倒很愿意我留在上面协助保卫船只！”
My being many years in the Assembly, the majority of which were constantly Quakers, gave me frequent opportunities of seeing the embarrassment given them by their principle against war, whenever application was made to them, by order of the crown, to grant aids for military purposes.
州议会中的成员绝大多数一向是教友会教友，我在那里多年，我常常看到每当国王命令他们通过军事补助金时，由于他们在原则上反对战争，他们感到进退维谷。
They were unwilling to offend government, on the one hand, by a direct refusal; and their friends, the body of the Quakers, on the other, by compliance contrary to their principles; hence a variety of evasions to avoid complying, and modes of disguising the compliance when it became unavoidable.
一方面，他们不愿意开罪于英王政府，而直截了当地拒绝拨款，但在另一方面，他们也不愿意触怒他们的朋友，教友会的大多数教友，违反他们的原则，顺从国王的意旨，因此他们想出各种各样的遁词来推托，而每当无可推诿非顺从不可时，他们想出各种掩耳盗铃的伪装方法。
The common mode at last was, to grant money under the phrase of its being "for the king's use," and never to inquire how it was applied.
最常用的方法终于是在“供国王应用”的名义下通过拨款，但从不过问该款的具体用途。
But, if the demand was not directly from the crown, that phrase was found not so proper, and some other was to be invented.
但是假如请求拨款的命令不是直接从国王来的，这句话就不大适用了，他们就得另外想出一些花样来。
As, when powder was wanting (I think it was for the garrison at Louisburg), and the government of New England solicited a grant of some from Pennsylvania, which was much urg'd on the House by Governor Thomas, they could not grant money to buy powder, because that was an ingredient of war; but they voted an aid to New England of three thousand pounds, to be put into the hands of the governor, and appropriated it for the purchasing of bread, flour, wheat or other grain.
比方说，新英格兰的政府因缺乏火药（我想是为了防守路易堡）请求宾夕法尼亚拨给一些火药，汤麦斯州长极力主张州议会应当加以援助，而州议会又无法给钱购买火药，因为火药是战争的要素，但是他们通过拨款三千镑援助新英格兰，款项交由州长掌握，作为购买粮食、面粉或其他粒状物之用。
Some of the council, desirous of giving the House still further embarrassment, advis'd the governor not to accept provision, as not being the thing he had demanded; but he repli'd, "I shall take the money, for I understand very well their meaning; other grain is gunpowder," which he accordingly bought, and they never objected to it.
有些参事想给州议会更多的麻烦，劝州长不要接受这笔款项，因为它不符合他的要求，但是他回答说：“我接受这笔钱，因为我很了解它的意义。所谓其他粒状物就是火药。”因此他购买了火药，他们从不反对此事。
It was in allusion to this fact that, when in our fire company we feared the success of our proposal in favour of the lottery, and I had said to my friend Mr. Syng, one of our members,
在我们的消防队里，当我们害怕我们购买奖券的议案通不过时，我就想到这件事，我对我的朋友沈先生（我们的一个队员）说：
"If we fail, let us move the purchase of a fire-engine with the money; the Quakers can have no objection to that; and then, if you nominate me and I you as a committee for that purpose, we will buy a great gun, which is certainly a fire-engine."
“假如我们的提议通不过，让我们提议用这笔钱来购买一架救火机，教友会教友不会反对这件事，接着你就提我的名，我提你的名，我们两人组成委员会购买机器，我们就买一尊火炮，这当然是一架火机呀。”
"I see," says he, "you have improv'd by being so long in the Assembly; your equivocal project would be just a match for their wheat or other grain."
他说：“原来你在州议会里呆了那么久，你也有了进步了。你这双关的计划简直可与他们的‘粮食或其他粒状物’先后媲美了。”
