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I’m going to mention just a couple of other things that I thought were noteworthy in your article about improving this decision-making process.
在你关于改进决策过程的文章中，我只会提到我认为值得注意的几件事。
Number one, a lot of VC partnerships try to keep the team small, right?
第一，很多风投合伙企业都试图保持团队规模不大，对吧？
You just improve communication, you improve the speed, and that adding a lot of people to the decision-making process doesn’t actually help you that much.
你只是改善了沟通，提高了速度，而且在决策过程中增加很多人实际上对你没有太大帮助。
They ask for feedback in advance, some of them, so that people can read up on the companies, see the decks ahead of time, and then weigh in with their thoughts before they discuss as a group.
他们事先征求反馈，其中一些是这样的，这样人们就可以阅读关于公司的信息，提前看到甲板，然后在集体讨论之前权衡自己的想法。
And they also allow junior members of the team to speak first, just so that when the boss speaks, it doesn’t bias people’s opinions or influence the real feedback that they wanted to give.
他们还允许团队中的下级成员先发言，这样当老板发言时，就不会让大家的意见产生偏差，也不会影响他们想给出的真实反馈。
Some of those maybe are good practices that people know about, but I guess it’s important to underline, right?
其中一些可能是人们知道的好做法，但我猜强调这些很重要，对吗？
These practices might be well known.
这些做法可能是众所周知的。
It doesn’t mean though that they’re frequently implemented in large organizations.
但这并不意味大型组织经常使用这些做法。
You mentioned keep teams small.
你提到了保持小规模的团队。
In all venture capital firms, teams are always kept very, very small.
在所有的风险投资公司中，团队总是保持非常非常小的规模。
But in large companies, very often you go into a meeting room and there will be a lot of people.
但在大公司，你走进会议室，那里经常会有很多人。
And sometimes you might ask, “What on earth are all these people doing here?”
有时你可能会问，“这些人到底在这里做什么？
In practical terms, think about the following rule that is implemented in Amazon.
在实际操作中，考虑一下亚马逊实施的以下规则。“
Now, Amazon is one of those venture-backed company that retained it’s a venture mindset.
现在，亚马逊是保留了风险思维的支持风险投资的公司之一。
Amazon has a very simple rule, two pizza team, so that if you’re still getting hungry after you consume two pizzas, then the team is too large, it’s around eight or ten people.
亚马逊有一个非常简单的规则，两个披萨团队，所以如果你吃了两个披萨还觉得饿，那么团队太大了，大约八到十个人。
And I think that there is in fact a lot of research that supports this notion.
我认为，事实上有很多研究支持这一观点。
In fact, there’s a lot of research suggesting that maybe the teams should be even smaller.
实际上有很多研究表明，也许团队应该更小。
But in a large organization, every single time your decision-making team is more than ten, you have to ask a question why?
但在一个大型组织中，每当你的决策团队超过十个时，你都会问一个问题，为什么？
And most often that will not be an efficient decision.
在大多数情况下，这将不是一个有效的决定。
Now, you also mentioned asking for feedback in advance.
现在，您还提到了提前征求反馈意见。
And in most successful venture capital firms, I observed that.
在大多数成功的风险投资公司中，我观察到了这一点。
And by the way, it is done for a number of reasons.
顺便说一句，这么做的原因有很多。
One is because they would like to minimize the influence of authority.
其一是因为他们希望将权威的影响降至最低。
Because Curt, if you’re my boss, let’s say you are the senior managing partner of the venture capital firm, and I’m a junior.
因为科特，如果你是我的老板，假设你是风险投资公司的高级管理合伙人，而我是初级管理合伙人。
And I maybe know something very interesting about this startup or about the founder.
我可能知道一些关于这家初创公司或创始人的非常有趣的事情。
I have some really value-add soft information.
我有一些真正有价值的软信息。
If you speak before me, then it’s very difficult for me to provide this information if it somehow disagrees with your assessment.
如果你在我面前说话，那么我就很难提供与你的评估不一致的信息。
Yeah, it becomes you like you’re arguing with that person.
是啊，这让你变得像在和那个人争吵。
That’s right.
没错。
In fact, where large organizations I think can and should use it is not just when they decide on investments or on projects, but also in the interview process in hiring decisions.
事实上，我认为大型组织不仅可以在他们决定投资或项目时，也可以在面试过程中做出招聘决定时使用风险思维。
Google, again, another venture-backed company that retained its venture mindset has a policy.
同样，另一家保留了风险思维的风险投资公司谷歌(Google)也制定了一项政策。
There is an interview committee when you hire people.
当你雇人的时候，有一个面试委员会。
The policy is you ask members of those committees to record their comments on each candidate individually in advance of the meeting, so that when you meet, you can have a look at what every single committee member independently said.
规则是，你要求这些委员会的成员在开会前分别记录他们对每个候选人的评论，这样当你们开会时，你可以看到每一位委员会成员单独说了什么。
By the way, sometimes venture capital firms go even further.
顺便说一句，有时风险投资公司走得更远。
They request anonymity.
他们要求匿名。
And there is something else, which in my experience I find very counterintuitive for let’s say corporate leaders, is that if we have an expert in the room, the natural tendency is to ask the expert first.
还有一件事，在我的经验中，我发现对于企业领导人来说非常违反直觉的是，如果我们有一位专家在房间里，自然的倾向是首先询问专家。
I’m sure you’ve been Curt, in the meetings where people said, “Well, Curt is the expert, so let’s hear from him what he has to say on this topic.”
我肯定你是这样，科特，在会议上人们会说，“科特是专家，让我们听听他对这个话题有什么要说的。”
Venture capitalists very often do exactly the opposite.
风险投资家的做法往往恰恰相反。
They’ll say, “Curt is the expert on this specific technology or this specific space.
他们会说，“科特是这个特定技术或这个特定领域的专家。
You know what?
你猜怎么着？
He is going to speak last.”
他将最后发言。”
Because well, you are the subject matter expert Curt, which means that if you say something and I happen to disagree with you, it’ll be much more difficult for me to talk.
因为，嗯，你是主题的专家柯特，这意味着如果你说了什么，而我碰巧不同意你的观点，我就很难说话了。
