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Is employee loyalty silly?
员工忠诚度是一种有些傻的说法吗？
Job interviews are an opportunity to see allegiances shift in real time. A candidate will usually refer to a prospective employer as "you" at the start of an interview ("What do you want to see from someone in this position?").
在求职面试中可以看到忠诚的实时变化。在面试开始时，应聘者通常会把有望成为雇主的一方称为"您"("您想从担任这个职位的人身上看到什么？")。
But occasionally the pronoun changes ("We should be thinking more about our approach to below-the-line marketing. Sorry, I mean ‘you' should be").
但代词也会偶尔发生变化("我们应该更多地考虑我们的线下营销方式。不好意思，我是说‘您'应该")。
That "we" is a tiny, time-travelling glimpse of someone imagining themselves as the employee of a new company, of a fresh identity being forged and of loyalties being transferred.
这个"我们"是一个细微的、穿越时空的一瞥，人们把自己想象成一家新公司的员工，正在构建新的身份，正在转移自己的忠心。
Loyalty is seen as a virtue in most situations: among friends, family and football fans. Employee loyalty, however, is more complex. It is more transactional. Friends don't give each other performance reviews or fire each other for cost reasons.
忠诚在大多数情况下都被视为一种美德：在朋友、家人和球迷中都是如此。然而，员工忠诚度要复杂得多。它更具交易性质。朋友不会互相进行绩效评估，也不会因为成本而解雇对方。
It is less reciprocal. A worker can feel attachment to a company and a company can feel precisely nothing. (Which is why people often feel more loyal to team members and individual bosses than to their organisations.) And too much of it can impose high costs.
员工忠诚度的互惠程度也比较低。员工可以感觉到对公司的依恋，而公司却可以无动于衷。(这就是为什么人们往往对团队成员和某个老板比对他们的组织更忠诚。)员工忠诚度太高还可能会带来高昂的成本。
Wage bumps and careers are built on people changing jobs. According to the Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta, which tracks wage growth in America, in April job switchers were being paid 7.6% more than a year earlier; job stickers were being paid only 5.6% more.
加薪和建立事业是在换工作的基础上实现的。根据追踪美国工资增长的亚特兰大联邦储备银行的数据，4月份，跳槽者的薪酬比去年高出7.6%，而未换工作者的薪酬仅高出5.6%。
A little promiscuity on the part of other people can help those who choose to stay where they are.
其他人在工作上稍微"寻花问柳"一下，这对那些选择保持现状的人可能有益。
A paper by Nathan Deutscher, a Treasury official in Australia, found that higher rates of job-hopping in local Australian labour markets were associated with faster wage growth both for workers who switched jobs and for those who did not. Loyalty is nice; so is bargaining power.
澳大利亚财政部官员内森·多伊切尔的一篇论文发现，澳大利亚当地劳动力市场的跳槽率升高，无论是对换工作的人还是没有换工作的人来说，都与更快的工资增长有关。忠诚是美好的，讨价还价的能力也是美好的。
Too much loyalty can harm workers in other ways. A piece of research published earlier this year by Matthew Stanley of Duke University and his co-authors tested how bosses felt about loyal workers.
过于忠诚可能会在其他方面损害员工的利益。杜克大学的马修·斯坦利和他的合著者今年早些时候发表了一项研究，测试了老板们对忠诚员工的看法。
The researchers asked managers how willing they were to ask a fictional employee named John to work overtime for no pay. If John was described as loyal, then bosses were happier to dump more work on him.
研究人员询问经理们，他们在多大程度上愿意让一位名叫约翰的虚构员工无偿加班。如果约翰被描述为很忠诚，那么老板们会更乐意把更多的工作扔给他。
The reverse also applied: workers who did more work for no reward were more likely to be described by managers as loyal. Dogs are known for their loyalty, remember, but not for their brains.
相反的情况也适用：做更多工作却没有得到回报的员工更有可能被经理描述为忠诚。请记住，狗是以忠诚，而不是以有头脑著称的。
