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Eutrophication is a process where a body of water fills up with plant nutrients like nitrogen and phosphorus.
水体富营养化是水体被氮和磷等植物所需营养物质填满的过程。
This usually happens when rain washes crop fertilizers into a lake.
通常在雨水把作物肥料冲进湖里之后，这种现象就产生了。
The fertilizers, which use nitrogen to help plants grow, cause excess amounts of algae to grow on the surface of the water.
化肥中含有促进植物生长的氮，因此导致过多藻类在水面上生长。
This is called an algal bloom.
这就是所谓的水花。
When the algae die, bacteria use large amounts of oxygen to decompose the plant matter.
当藻类死亡时，细菌会使用大量的氧气来分解植物残骸。
This process is harmful because it depletes the lake’s oxygen, causing fish at the bottom to suffocate.
这一过程是有害的，因为它会耗尽湖中的氧气，导致湖底的鱼类窒息。
Eventually, the lack of oxygen can create an aquatic dead zone: a place where little to no aquatic life can survive.
最终，缺氧会导致水中形成一个死亡区：一个几乎没有水生生物能生存的地方。
