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Alan Turing was a British mathematician.
艾伦·图灵是一位英国数学家。
He was born in 1912 in London, England.
1912年，他出生在英国伦敦。
His ideas are considered to be the early foundations for modern computers.
他的科研成果被认为是现代计算机的早期基础。
In 1936, he described a hypothetical device that could read and follow written instructions.
1936年，他设想并描述了一种可以阅读和执行书面指令的装置。
He also developed the Turing test, which was meant to determine if a machine could think like a human.
他还开发了图灵测试，旨在研究机器是否能像人一样思考。
During World War II, Turing built a machine that helped the Allied forces decode Nazi messages.
第二次世界大战期间，图灵制造了一台机器，帮助同盟国破译了纳粹军方的信息。
His work helped Britain and the Allies win the war.
他的工作帮助英国和其它同盟国赢得了战争。
However, the government later arrested and shunned him for being gay, which was illegal at the time.
然而，后来政府因为他是同性恋而逮捕他、疏远他。当时，同性恋是非法的。
Turing died in 1954, two years after his conviction.
1954年，图灵在被定罪两年后去世了。
The Queen officially pardoned him in 2013.
2013年，女王正式赦免了他。
