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Hello. This is 6 Minute English from BBC Learning English. I'm Sam. And I'm Rob.
大家好。这里是 BBC 学习英语栏目的六分钟英语。我是萨姆。我是罗布。
What do Britain, Greenland, Australia, Hawaii, and Cuba all have in common, Rob?
英国、格陵兰、澳大利亚、夏威夷和古巴有什么共同之处，罗布？
Are you planning your summer holidays, Sam?
萨姆，你在计划你的暑假吗？
Or is it that they're all islands?
还是因为它们都是岛屿？
Right, Rob, they are all islands, but that's about all they have in common.
是的，罗布，它们都是岛屿，这就是它们的共同之处。
There's as much variety in the world's islands as in the people who live there!
世界上的岛屿和居住在那里的人一样多种多样！
In tourist holiday magazines, Pacific islands like Fiji, Tonga and Tahiti look like paradise,
在旅游度假杂志上，斐济、汤加和塔希提岛等太平洋岛屿看起来就像天堂，
with tropical rainforests, white, sandy beaches and turquoise blue sea.
有热带雨林、白色的沙滩和碧蓝的大海。
But in reality, life is far from paradise for these island communities.
但在现实中，这些岛屿对其上的居民来说，远非天堂。
In 2022, the island of Tonga suffered a tsunami,
2022年，汤加岛遭遇了一场海啸，
a huge wave caused by an earthquake that flowed inland,
即一场由地震引发的向内陆涌动的巨浪，
killing people and causing largescale damage.
造成了人员死亡和大规模破坏。
The destruction was terrible and added to the continuing crisis of rising sea levels
其破坏力惊人，又加之海平面持续上升，
threatening the island's survival.
岛上居民的生存已受到严重威胁。
In this programme we'll be hearing some Pacific islander voices and,
在本期节目中，我们将听到一些太平洋岛民的故事，
as usual, learning some new vocabulary too.
而且像往常一样，我们也要学习一些新的词汇。
But first I have a question for you, Rob.
但首先我有个问题要问你，罗布。
We already named some islands, large and small,
我们已经提到了一些岛屿，或大或小，
but how much of the world's population, do you think, lives on an island?
但你觉得世界上有多少人口生活在岛屿上？
Is it a) 11 percent b) 15 percent, or c) 20 percent?
是 a) 11% b) 15%，还是 c) 20%？
Ooh, that's a tricky question!
哦，这问题挺难！
It can't be that many, so I'll guess a) 11 percent.
不可能有那么多，所以我猜是 a) 11%。
OK, Rob. I'll reveal the correct answer at the end of the programme.
好的，罗布。我将在节目结束时揭晓正确答案。
The South Pacific is home to thousands of low-lying islands
南太平洋上有数千个海拔较低的岛屿。
dotted across miles of Pacific Ocean.
它们散布在太平洋上。
With rising sea levels, it's predicted that many of these islands will simply disappear in coming years.
随着海平面上升，据预测，许多岛屿将在未来几年内消失。
And if that wasn't bad enough,
如果这还不够糟糕的话，
the effects of climate change are making life difficult for these island communities right now.
气候变化正使岛屿上居民的生活变得困难。
The tsunami that hit Tonga left the main island, Tonga Tarpu, in ruins.
袭击汤加的海啸使主岛汤加塔尔普岛成为一片废墟。
One of those leading the clean-up was, Ofa Ma'asi Kaisamy,
奥法·马西·凯萨米是指导清理工作的人之一，
manager of the Pacific Climate Change Centre.
她是太平洋气候变化中心的主任。
She told BBC World Service programme Business Daily the extent of the problem.
她在BBC世界服务栏目《商业日报》上讲述了问题的严重性。
The projected impacts of climate change on agriculture and fisheries
预计气候变化对农业和渔业的影响
will undermine food production systems in the Pacific.
将破坏太平洋地区的粮食生产系统。
Our Pacific people are also dependent on crops,
我们太平洋岛民还依赖农作物、
livestock, agriculture, fisheries, handicrafts for food security and income,
牲畜、农业、渔业、手工业保障粮食安全、获得收入，
and these sectors are also highly vulnerable to the impacts of climate change.
这些部门也极易受到气候变化的影响。
The economy of many islands like Tonga depends on tourism,
像汤加这样的岛屿，其经济依赖于旅游业、
farming or fishing, and on handicrafts
农业或渔业，以及手工业，
skilfully making traditional objects like jewellery, textiles or pottery by hand.
即手工熟练制作珠宝、纺织品或陶器等传统物品。
These are usually sold to tourists, but when tsunamis keep the tourists away,
这些通常出售给游客，但海啸使得游客稀少，
local jobs become vulnerable - unprotected and open to damage.
当地的人的就业情况更容易恶化了，即不受保护，容易受到破坏。
This affects not only handicrafts,
这不仅影响到手工业，
but Tonga's ability to produce enough food to feed its population,
也影响到汤加生产足够的粮食养活人民的能力，
something known as food security.
也就是所谓的粮食安全。
As the effects of climate change hit the local economy,
随着气候变化不断影响当地经济，
young people are leaving Tonga to find work elsewhere.
年轻人正离开汤加到其他地方找工作。
Tonga Youth Employment and Entrepreneurship is a project
汤加青年就业与创业是一个项目，
working with local organisations to help young people start businesses and find jobs.
它与当地组织合作，旨在帮助年轻人创业和就业。
Here's project director, Lusia Latu-Jones,
以下是项目主任卢西亚·拉图琼斯，
speaking with BBC World Service's Business Daily.
在BBC世界服务栏目的《商业日报》上所说的话。
It can be emotional, very emotional and heartbreaking to see what's happening in our island…
看到我们岛上发生的事情，我很难不痛心，
but it's even harder when you see young people coming through…
但当你看到年轻人面对难关所做的努力，你会更加伤心。
just looking, looking for chance to help their families,
他们不断寻找机会，以帮衬家里，
for them to get on their feet again.
希望能再次站稳脚跟。
So the question we ask ourselves as an organisation is how can we address these challenges
因此，作为一个组织，我们问自己的问题是，我们如何应对这些挑战，
to better support our people so that they can get back on their feet, you know, feed their families.
以更好地支持我们的人民，使他们能够重新站稳脚跟，养活他们的家人。
We can hear the emotion in Lusia's voice
我们可以听出卢西亚声音中的悲伤，
when she describes the situation facing young Tongans as heartbreaking,
当她描述汤加的年轻人所面临的情况是如何令人心碎时。
causing strong feelings of sadness.
“heartbreaking”意为令人非常悲伤。
She says her role is to help people get back on their feet,
她说，她的任务是帮助人们重新站稳脚跟，
an idiom which means be able to function again after having difficulties in life.
这是一个俚语，意思是在生活中遇到困难后能够再次正常运转起来。
The many problems Tongans face are made worse by perhaps the biggest problem of all
除此之外，一个可能是最为严重的问题使得前述种种问题都更加严重了，
the fact that poverty, hunger and the loss of their traditional culture
即贫困、饥饿和传统文化的流失
is being caused by the carbon emissions of larger countries halfway around the world.
是由地球另一边较大国家的碳排放造成的。
If we all learned to adapt our lifestyle, just as Pacific islanders have done,
如果我们都像太平洋岛民那样学会调整自己的生活方式，
it may not yet be too late to change the fate of their island paradise.
或许还能拯救他们天堂一般的岛屿。
And the fate of the millions living on other islands too,
还有生活在其他岛屿上的数百万人，
which reminds me of my question, Rob!
这让我想起了我的问题，罗布！
Eleven percent of us are islanders, which works out as over 730 million people.
世界人口中有11%生活在岛上，相当于有7.3亿多人。
OK, let's recap the vocabulary from this programme starting with tsunami
好了，让我们从“tsunami”开始回顾一下本期词汇，
- a very large wave that flows inland causing death and destruction.
它指的是一场非常大规模的海浪涌入内陆，造成人员死亡和破坏。
Many islanders produce handicrafts - handmade traditional objects like jewellery, textiles and pottery.
许多岛民制作“handicraft”，即手工制作的传统物品，如珠宝、纺织品和陶器。
Someone who is vulnerable is weak or unprotected.
“vulnerable”形容某人软弱或没有受到保护。
The phrase food security refers to a country's ability to produce enough food to feed its population.
“food security”一词指的是一个国家生产足够的粮食来养活其国民的能力。
When something is heartbreaking, it makes you feel very sad.
“heartbreaking”形容某事令人十分难过。
And finally, to get back on your feet means to be okay again after having difficulties in life.
最后，“get back on your feet ”意为在生活中遇到困难后又好起来了。
Once again our six minutes are up!
我们的六分钟又到了！
Goodbye for now. Bye!
下次再见。再见！
