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And the other thing that we don't like is the unknown.
我们不喜欢的另一件事是未知。
And this is where we get into this whole relationship between reality and what we're told on the TV.
这就是现实和电视节目呈现出来的差异。
So on the TV, we're quite regularly told that we know more about the surface of the Moon than we know about the deep sea.
电视经常会说，我们知道的有关月球表面的知识比深海多。
For starters, that quote goes back before the Apollo missions and a time where we knew not very much about the Moon or the deep sea.
首先，这句话可以追溯到阿波罗任务之前，我们对月球或深海知之甚少的时候。
So if you're on the surface and you're looking out and you can see all these lovely whales and dolphins and squid and jellyfish, all that stuff has to die.
如果你在地面观察，你可以看到所有这些可爱的鲸鱼、海豚、鱿鱼和水母，所有生物都终将死亡。
All that material, all that lovely organic matter sinks.
所有这些残骸，这些可爱的有机物都会下沉。
And where does it sink?
它会沉到哪里？
It sinks down to deeper depths.
它会下沉到更深的地方。
It ends up in the place we call the abyss.
最终到达我们称之为深渊的地方。
And not "the abyss" like they say on TV.
这不是电视上说的“深渊”。
The abyssal zone technically are depths between 3,000 and 6,000 meters.
从技术上讲，深海地带的深度在3000米到6000米之间。
OK, relatively shallow in my game.
好吧，其实对我来说相对较浅。
All that lovely organic material comes down and settles there.
所有这些可爱的有机物下沉并停留到这里。
And it gets eaten by deep-sea animals.
它会被深海动物吃掉。
Those deep-sea animals are eating it, they're recycling it, they're burning it.
那些深海动物消化它，充分利用它，用它产生能量。
They're incorporating into the food chain, and they incorporate it into the sediments.
它们正在被融入食物链，整合进沉淀里。
So these animals are essentially gardening because if they didn't do that, these big, vast abyssal plains of the planet would become big, stagnant, horrible cesspits.
因此这些动物基本上就是在处置废物，如果它们不这样做，地球上这些巨大而辽阔的海底平原将变成巨大的、死寂骇人的可怕的污水池。
So the deep-sea animals are basically irrigating a big chunk of the planet.
深海动物灌溉了地球上的很大一部分土地。
And I say a big chunk.
确实是很大一部分。
The abyssal zones account for about 70 percent of the planet.
深海带约占地表的70%。
Let's take a bit of a journey, a descent into the deep sea.
让我们来一次旅行，下潜到深海。
How do we know where to dive?
我们怎么知道去哪里潜水呢？
How do we know where we are ever?
我们怎么知道自己身处何方？
Because we're always being told...
因为总是有人说……
No, it's true, we're always being told that we haven't mapped the oceans.
真的，总是有人说我们没测绘海底。
A certain amount of seafloor has been seen with the naked eye.
我们用肉眼已经能够观察到一定面积的海床。
I took that with my phone.
这是我用手机拍的。
So I was seeing it at the same time.
我肯定也亲眼看到了。
So it still counts.
所以它也算数。
And there's a certain percentage which has been mapped or surveyed by remote systems.
而且有一定比例已被远程系统测绘或调查过。
So this is about 2,000 meters deep.
这大约有2000米深。
And about 20 percent of the planet has been mapped in pretty high resolution using acoustics.
地球上大约20%的区域被声纳系统较精确地测绘过。
This is a huge, big trench running off north of New Zealand.
这是新西兰北部一条巨大海沟。
Well, basically they have been mapped.
这些基本上已经被测绘过了。
It all depends on what resolution.
只是精度存在差异。
OK so there's some places where we know where absolutely every little nook and cranny might be.
好的，有些地方我们连每个小角落和缝隙都很清楚。
There are no more Mariana Trenches to be found.
没有新的马里亚纳海沟待被发现了。
Imagine we're in our submarine, this is us diving in the submarine, see, it's very spacious.
想象我们在潜艇里，随着潜艇下潜，看，它非常宽敞。
It has all the latest mod cons, the sunlight diminishes very, very quickly in the top, maybe in the first two minutes.
它具有所有最新的现代化设备，阳光在浅水区消失得很快，可能两分钟就没了。
It goes that fast and you see that it does get dark very quickly.
阳光消失得太快，周围很快就会暗下来。
And as we descend down through the water column, we're always being told that the water is very, very cold.
随着我们垂直下潜，人们总是说水温会非常地冷。
Very, very icy cold water.
非常非常冰的冷水。
And yeah, it's cold.
是的，非常冷。
It's not anywhere near as cold as most, if not all of the winters I've ever endured until moving to Australia.
但我搬到澳大利亚之后，在那里经历的大多数冬天，甚至是所有冬天，都比它冷多了。
It's about between one and two degrees at deepest point.
最深处的温度大约在1到2度之间。
It's not overly cold.
还不算太冷。
But those water masses deep down are still moving, they're still ventilating, they're still full of oxygen and they're moving heat.
但深处的海水仍在流动、换气，它们仍然充满氧气，并且传递热量。
They're pulling heat down from the atmosphere and the surface waters and dissipating it around the planet.
它们从大气层和浅水区吸收热量，并将其均匀散布到整个地球。
And as we go down the bottom of the Mariana Trench, we now have one ton per square centimeter of pressure squeezing down on that titanium ball we're sat in.
当我们来到马里亚纳海沟底部，每平方厘米有一吨的压力压在保护我们的钛金属球上。
Again, it takes a certain person of a certain disposition to do this stuff, but you can't feel it on the inside, it's fine, it's cold outside.
需要具有相应特质的人来做这种工作，但你在里面感觉不到，里面环境很好，外面很冷。
And we're moving around, and if you look out the window, we're looking mostly at mud.
我们四处移动，如果你往窗外看，看到的主要是泥沙。
Imagine all that stuff that has come down from the surface.
想象一下所有从浅层落下来的东西。
All that lovely organic matter.
所有那些可爱的有机物。
It's carbon, it's taking carbon from the atmosphere, it's being absorbed into the ocean.
是碳，海洋从大气中获得碳，并将其吸收。
The surface of oceans basically comes down and sinks into the mud.
海洋表面的物质基本上都会下沉到泥沙里。
What happens to the carbon?
碳会发生什么变化？
