评论
打印
March 8 is International Women's Day, the day when we jump on social media to celebrate ourselves, send shout-outs to our mothers, sisters, daughters, aunties and best friends!
3月8日是国际妇女节，在这一天，我们会在社交媒体上为自己庆祝，并问候我们的母亲、姐妹、女儿、姨母和最好的朋友们！
International Women's Day is the day when the social, economic, cultural and political achievements of women all over the world are celebrated.
国际妇女节是庆祝全世界妇女在社会、经济、文化和政治上所取得成就的日子。
But how much do we really know about this special day?
但是关于这个特殊的日子，我们真正了解多少呢？
Throughout history, women have had to fight for the freedoms and rights that we enjoy today.
纵观历史，女性一直在为我们今天享有的自由和权利而斗争。
This is a history of protests, strikes, imprisonment and even loss of life, as women struggle to gain equality over the years.
这是一部关于抗议、罢工、监禁甚至丢掉性命的历史，多年来，女性一直在为争取平等而斗争。
To understand just how significant some of these breakthroughs were in different countries and how we got to where we are today, we need to rewind to over a century ago.
为了理解这些突破在不同国家有多么重要，以及我们是如何走到今天的，我们需要回到一个多世纪前。
In the 1900s, the fight for women's suffrage began to gain momentum in Britain.
20世纪初，争取妇女选举权的斗争在英国开始展开。
Women were sick of not having a political voice and having decisions being made about them without their input or control.
女性厌倦了没有政治发言权，厌倦了在没有她们参与或控制的情况下对她们做出的决定。
Continuous failed attempts to achieve suffrage led Emmeline Pankhurst to form the Women's Social and Political Union in 1903.
不断失败的争取选举权的尝试，使得埃米琳·潘克赫斯特在1903年成立了“妇女社会和政治联盟”。
In 1908, women in America also felt the burden of inequality,
1908年，美国女性也感受到了不平等带来的压力，
so 15,000 vocal women got together to campaign for voting rights, better pay and shorter working hours by marching down the streets of New York City.
因此，15000名敢于发声的女性聚集在一起，在纽约街头游行，争取投票权、加薪和缩短工作时间。
This continued into the next year.
这种情况一直持续到第二年。
In 1909, with the help of the Socialist Party of America, the very first National Women's Day was observed on February 28 on the last sunday of the month.
1909年，在美国社会党的帮助下，第一个全国妇女节被定为2月28日，也就是那个月的最后一个星期天。
This was also the year that Russia observed its first International Women's Day.
同样是在这一年，俄罗斯也庆祝其第一个国际妇女节。
Now let's not forget: this was just "observed", not officially declared and recognised.
我们要记住：这只是“庆祝”，并没有得到正式宣布和认可。
So when did it officially become International Women's Day?
那么是什么时候正式成为国际妇女节的呢？
In many ways, it was through a collaborative effect.
就很多方面而言，这是各方通力合作取得的结果。
But to be specific, the original idea to make the day international came in 1910 from a woman named Clara Zetkin at an International Conference of Working Women in Copenhagen.
但具体来说，是1910年在哥本哈根举行的国际劳动妇女会议上，一位名叫克拉拉·蔡特金的妇女提出了设立国际妇女节的最初想法。
A hundred women from 17 countries agreed with her suggestion to proclaim International Women's Day to commemorate the ongoing struggles of women to improve their lives.
来自17个国家的100名妇女同意了她关于国际妇女节的提议，以纪念女性为改善生活而进行的持续斗争。
Although back then it was celebrated on March 19, the first countries to recognize International Women's Day include Austria, Denmark, Germany and Switzerland in 1911.
当时的庆祝日期是在3月19日，最早承认国际妇女节的国家包括奥地利、丹麦、德国和瑞士。
That year, just under a week after the first ever International Women's Day, the tragic Triangle Shirtwaist Factory Fire broke out in New York.
那一年，就在第一个国际妇女节后不到一周，纽约三角女式衬衣厂发生了一场悲剧性火灾。
It claimed the lives of 146 garment workers, 123 of whom were women and girls.
这场火灾夺走了146名制衣工人的生命，其中123人是妇女和女孩。
The tragedy brought attention to labor conditions and working rights in the U.S..
而这场悲剧，也引起了人们对美国劳动环境和工作权利的关注。
Fast forward now to World War I where some substantial changes took place.
快进到第一次世界大战，那时也发生了一些重大变化。
In 1914, the start of the war led to the recruitment of many women into jobs at munition factories, as railway guards, ticket collectors, tram conductors, police officers and firefighters.
1914年，战争的爆发导致许多妇女在军需品工厂工作，担任铁路警卫、检票员、有轨电车售票员、警察和消防员等职位。
Why the sudden change in all these fields?
为什么这些工作领域会突然发生变化？
With so many men being away at war, the need for women workers became urgent.
这是因为很多男人都去打仗了，对女工的需求变得迫切起来。
In fact, munitions factories became the largest single employer of women in 1918.
事实上，在1918年，兵工厂成为了女性最大的单一雇主。
It was during this time that attitudes towards women in the workforce began to actually change.
正是在这段时间里，职场对女性的态度开始真正发生变化。
In the same year in Britain, some privileged women were allowed to start voting, and by 1928 all women above 21 were entitled to vote.
同年，在英国，一些享有特权的妇女被允许开始投票，到1928年，所有21岁以上的妇女都拥有了选举权。
Milestones like this snowballed into more changes.
像这样的里程碑事件，之后像滚雪球一样引发了更多的改变。
Women soon became part of parliament, were able to join sports and win gold, and earn fairer pay and working rights.
女性很快成为议会的一员，能够参加体育运动并赢得金牌，获得更公平的薪酬和工作权利。
In 1973, Billie Jean King defeated Bobby Rigg in the "battle of the sexes", ending the exclusive media attention on male tennis players and the most obvious gender gap.
1973年，比利·简·金在“跨性别网球大战”中击败了鲍比·里格，结束了媒体只关注男性网球运动员的局面，同时也结束了最明显的性别鸿沟。
In 1974, Isabel Martinez de Peron became the first female president in the world. She served as the President of Argentina from 1974 to 1976.
1974年，伊莎贝尔·马丁内斯·德·庇隆成为世界上第一位女总统。在1974年至1976年期间，她担任阿根廷总统一职。
In 1975, the United Nations recognized and celebrated International Women's Day, and in 1979, Britain had its first female prime minister.
1975年，联合国正式承认并开始庆祝国际妇女节，1979年，英国迎来了其首位女首相。
